Cardiovascular Anatomy Flashcards
Which heart chambers pump blood to lungs?
R atria and ventricle
Which heart chambers pump blood to body?
L atria and ventricle
Describe BASE of heart
Posterior aspect of heart
Formed by left atrium along with a narrow portion of right atrium
Describe APEX of heart
Blunt descending projection formed by left ventricle
Describe DIAPHRAGMATIC surface of heart
Formed by left ventricle along with narrow portion of right ventricle
Describe STERNOCOSTAL surface of heart
Composed of right atrium and right ventricle along with narrow portion of left ventricle
List 3 cusps of Tricuspid Valve
Anterior
Posterior
Septal
List 2 cusps of Mitral Valve
Anterior
Posterior
The Mitral Valve (opens/closes) at the beginning of systole
Closes
Systole is part of the “___” sound
Lub
Describe events of Mitral Valve prolapse
Everts into left atrium when the left ventricle contracts durnig systole
Is Mitral Valve prolapse life threatening?
Not necessarily. Common and often benign.
Common symptoms of Mitral Valve prolapse
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Cardiac arrhythmia
Which is more common? Mitral OR Tricuspid Valve prolapse?
Mitral Valve Prolapse
T/F: Left Ventricle is thinner than Right Ventricle
False! 2-3x thicker to pump blood at higher pressure and pump blood to the rest of the body
List layers of Pericardium
Fibrous pericardium
Serous pericardium
Visceral pericardium
What could “go wrong” at the pericardium?
pericarditis!
Inflammation
leading to painful pumping
Causes of Pericardial (Friction) Rub
Secondary due to viral infections
Sounds associated with Pericardial (Friction) Rub
Squeaky leather
Friction
Vibrations
sound is widespread
Blood flow into what/where is greatest during diastole?
Blood flow into coronary arteries
R Coronary Artery supply to?
R Atrium
Most of R Ventricle
Diaphragmatic surface of L Ventricle
Posterior 1/3 of AV septum
SA node (60% of ppl)
AV node (80% of ppl)
L Coronary Artery supply to?
L Atrium
Most of L Ventricle
Anterior 2/3 of AV septum
SA node (40% of ppl)
What sinus is a direct continuation of the great cardiac vein?
Coronary Sinus
Where is the Coronary Sinus?
Lies in posterior part of coronary sulcus and opens into R atrium
Coronary sinus receives all of what?
Cardiac veins (except anterior and smallest cardiac veins)
Where is the Great cardiac vein?
Beside anterior interventricular artery
Where is the Middle cardiac vein?
Next to posterior interventricular artery
Where is the Small cardiac vein?
Runs along acute margin of R ventricle, paralleling right marginal artery
Where is the Anterior cardiac vein?
2-3 small veins that drain sternocostal surface of R ventricle into R atrium
First heart sound “lub” coincides with what?
Closing of atrioventricular valves at start of systole
Second heart sound “dub” is produced by what?
Closing of aortic and pulmonary valves at end of systole
