Cardiovascular Anatomy

Question 1

Which heart chambers pump blood to lungs?

Answer 1

R atria and ventricle

Question 2

Which heart chambers pump blood to body?

Answer 2

L atria and ventricle

Question 3

Describe BASE of heart

Answer 3

Posterior aspect of heart
Formed by left atrium along with a narrow portion of right atrium

Question 4

Describe APEX of heart

Answer 4

Blunt descending projection formed by left ventricle

Question 5

Describe DIAPHRAGMATIC surface of heart

Answer 5

Formed by left ventricle along with narrow portion of right ventricle

Question 6

Describe STERNOCOSTAL surface of heart

Answer 6

Composed of right atrium and right ventricle along with narrow portion of left ventricle

Question 7

List 3 cusps of Tricuspid Valve

Answer 7

Anterior
Posterior
Septal

Question 8

List 2 cusps of Mitral Valve

Answer 8

Anterior
Posterior

Question 9

The Mitral Valve (opens/closes) at the beginning of systole

Answer 9

Closes

Question 10

Systole is part of the “___” sound

Answer 10

Lub

Question 11

Describe events of Mitral Valve prolapse

Answer 11

Everts into left atrium when the left ventricle contracts durnig systole

Question 12

Is Mitral Valve prolapse life threatening?

Answer 12

Not necessarily. Common and often benign.

Question 13

Common symptoms of Mitral Valve prolapse

Answer 13

Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Cardiac arrhythmia

Question 14

Which is more common? Mitral OR Tricuspid Valve prolapse?

Answer 14

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Question 15

T/F: Left Ventricle is thinner than Right Ventricle

Answer 15

False! 2-3x thicker to pump blood at higher pressure and pump blood to the rest of the body

Question 16

List layers of Pericardium

Answer 16

Fibrous pericardium
Serous pericardium
Visceral pericardium

Question 17

What could “go wrong” at the pericardium?

Answer 17

pericarditis!
Inflammation
leading to painful pumping

Question 18

Causes of Pericardial (Friction) Rub

Answer 18

Secondary due to viral infections

Question 19

Sounds associated with Pericardial (Friction) Rub

Answer 19

Squeaky leather
Friction
Vibrations
sound is widespread

Question 20

Blood flow into what/where is greatest during diastole?

Answer 20

Blood flow into coronary arteries

Question 21

R Coronary Artery supply to?

Answer 21

R Atrium
Most of R Ventricle
Diaphragmatic surface of L Ventricle
Posterior 1/3 of AV septum
SA node (60% of ppl)
AV node (80% of ppl)

Question 22

L Coronary Artery supply to?

Answer 22

L Atrium
Most of L Ventricle
Anterior 2/3 of AV septum
SA node (40% of ppl)

Question 23

What sinus is a direct continuation of the great cardiac vein?

Answer 23

Coronary Sinus

Question 24

Where is the Coronary Sinus?

Answer 24

Lies in posterior part of coronary sulcus and opens into R atrium

Question 25

Coronary sinus receives all of what?

Answer 25

Cardiac veins (except anterior and smallest cardiac veins)

Question 26

Where is the Great cardiac vein?

Answer 26

Beside anterior interventricular artery

Question 27

Where is the Middle cardiac vein?

Answer 27

Next to posterior interventricular artery

Question 28

Where is the Small cardiac vein?

Answer 28

Runs along acute margin of R ventricle, paralleling right marginal artery

Question 29

Where is the Anterior cardiac vein?

Answer 29

2-3 small veins that drain sternocostal surface of R ventricle into R atrium

Question 30

First heart sound “lub” coincides with what?

Answer 30

Closing of atrioventricular valves at start of systole

Question 31

Second heart sound “dub” is produced by what?

Answer 31

Closing of aortic and pulmonary valves at end of systole