Pulmonary Flashcards
What color is air on an x-ray?
Black “radiolucent” (clarity)
What is the difference between a carotid body and a carotid sinus?
Carotid body: chemoreceptor
Carotid sinus: baroreceptor
What color is fluid/solid on x-ray?
White “radiopaque” (opacity)
What disease has a steeple sign (inverted “V” shape) on neck film??
Croup
What disease has a thumb sign on neck film?
Epiglottitis (Most common caused by H.Influenza)
What is “blue bloater”?
Bronchitis
What is a “pink puffer”?
Emphysema
What diseases have pulmonary eosinophilia?
Aspergillosis
Strongyloides
What drugs cause pulmonary eosinophilia?
Nitrofurantoin
Sulfonamides
What are the risk factors for lung cancer?
Smoking
Radon
2nd hand smoke
Pneumoconiosis (except anthracosis)
What diseases have hemoptysis (cough up blood/ bloody sputum)?
Bronchiectasis Bronchitis Pneumonia TB Lung cancer
Where is a Bokdalek hernia?
Back of diaphragm
Where is Morgagni hernia?
Middle of diaphragm
What diseases have respiratory alkalosis?
Low levels of carbon dioxide in the blood
Restrictive lung disease
Anxiety, pregnancy, gram negative sepsis, pulmonary embolism
What diseases have respiratory acidosis?
Lung can’t remove all carbon dioxide that the body produces
Obstructive lung disease
What diseases have metabolic alkalosis?
pH of tissues is elevated
Low volume state
vomiting, diuretics, GI blood loss
What diseases have metabolic acidosis?
Body produces too much acid or Kidneys not remove enough acid from the body
Acid production (MUDPILES (methanol, uremia, diabetic ketoacidosis, propylene glycol, isoniazid, lactic acidosis, ethylene glycol ans salicylates), RTA II, diarrhea)
What does stridor tell you?
Extrathoracic narrowing
(Narrows when breathe in)
(This sound is found in larynx and trachea)
What does wheezing tell you?
Intrathoracic narrowing
(Narrows when breath out)
(This sound is found in bronchus)
What does rhonchi tell you?
Mucus in airway
(Obstructive lung disease)
(This sound is found in bronchus)
What does grunting (crepitante) tell you?
Blows collapsed alveoli open
(Restrictive lung disease)
(This sound is found in alveoli)
What does dull (mate) percussion tell you?
Airspace and chest wall absorbing sound
Found fluid or solid
What does hyperresonance tell you?
Air in lungs
What does tracheal deviation tell you?
Away from pneumothorax or toward atelectasia
“Air phobic”
