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Pulmonary > Pulm Micro > Flashcards

Pulm Micro Flashcards

1
Q 
Contaminated rice
Heat-stable toxin: vomiting
Heat-labile toxin - diarrhea
preformed toxin
Gram +
A

bacillus cereus

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2
Q 
Gram + rod in chains
forms spores
Toxins: EF - adenylate cyclase
LF - zinc metalloprotease
PA - binds the other two & host
swelling of mediastinal lymph nodes shock & death
prevention is by animal vaccination
A

B anthracis

“wool-sorter’s disease”

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3
Q 
Gram - coccobacillus
typically in unvaccinated child
promotion of mucus production by toxin increase of cAMP
inhibition of macrophage
kills ciliated epithelium
"whooping cough"
A

bordetella pertussis

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4
Q 
A-B toxin
Gram + rod
cysteine agar
A-B toxin: terminates host protein synthesis by inactivation of elongation factor (EF2)
formation of pseudomembrane on tonsils
A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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5
Q

Gram + filamentous (resembles fungi)
“sulfur granules”
skin infections, cervicofacial infections
abscesses with draining sinus tracts

A

Actinomyces

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6
Q

Gram + filamentous
weakly acid-fast
bronchopulmonary infections can spread &
forms mycetoma (chronic subcutaneous infection with multiple draining sinus tracts), especially in immunocompromised patients (T cell deficiency as in AIDS)

A

Nocardia

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7
Q 
Gram - coccobacillus
requires X & V factors
chocolate agar
epiglottitis
meningitis in unvaccinated child
A

Haemophilus

Hib vaccine

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8
Q 
Gram - coccobacillus
catalase +
charcoal yeast agar + cysteine & iron
grows in lukewarm standing water sources and then becomes aerosolized
Atypical pneumonia
A

Legionella pneumophila

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9
Q

no cell wall
causes walking pneumonia = atypical pneumonia
resistant to beta lactams (no cell wall)
+ cold agglutinin
adhesin binds ciliated epithelium & promote inflammation & cytokine release

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

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10
Q

pulmonary & disseminated disease in AIDS patients
acid-fast
contamination of water or food
patchy nodular infiltrates
Cavitary disease in males with underlying disease
Lady Windermere syndrome from cough suppression (elderly females)

A

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)

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11
Q

acid-fast stain

A

Ziehl-Neelsen

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12
Q

causes otitis externa (swimmer’s ear)

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

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13
Q 
Thin Gram - bacillus
blue-green pigment
fruity smell
flagella
strict aerobe
opportunistic disease in burn patients, & colonizes CF patients (often resistant)
A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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14
Q 
Gram + diplococci
IgA protease
adhesins
capsule
causes pneumonia, otitis media, bacteremia, meningitis
A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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15
Q

(-) ss RNA virus that is second most common cause of bronchiolitis

A

metapneumovirus

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16
Q

(-) ssRNA virus

causes croup

A

parainfluenza virus

17
Q

(-) ssRNA virus
very contagious
major cause of bronchiolitis in small children
forms syncytia

A

RSV

18
Q 
(-) RNA virus
carried by deer mouse
inhalation of rodent urine
interstitial edema, pulmonary edema
death within a few days
A

Sir Hombre hantavirus

19
Q

ds DNA virus
E1a protein binds p53 and E1b binds p105RB (cellular growth suppressors) & promotes growth
lytic, latent in lymphoid & adenoid tissue
acute febrile pharyngitis
conjunctivitis
pop: military recruits

A

adenovirus

20
Q

(+) ss RNA virus
glycoproteins form a halo
(__ wear crowns or better not look at the sun but rather look at the stars)
high fever,chills, rigors, breathing difficulties

A

coronavirus

21
Q

rhinocerebral zygomycosis infection that originates in the paranasal sinuses and ocular orbit in diabetic ketoacidosis
can rapidly spread to the palate & brain
black nasal discharge

A

rhizopus & mucor

22
Q

(+) ssRNA virus
multiplies in nasal & conjunctival mucosa
causes common cold
self-limited because of IgA

A

rhinovirus

23
Q

Used to treat pneumocystis jiroveci

A

TMP-SMX

24
Q 
dimorphic fungi
causes disease in healthy people
endemic to MS River Valley
disseminated infection in immunocompromised
BBB = Broad Based Budding
A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

25
Q 
orthomyxovirus
(-) ssRNA
binds to sialic acid-containing proteins
enters host cell in a coated vesicle and has M2 proteins that help acidification & viral uncoating
NA = viral release from cell
HA = viral attachment protein
segmented genome allows for new strains
A

influenza virus

rimantadine and amantadine target M2

26
Q

forms spherule

A

coccidioides immitis

Pulmonary (8 decks)

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