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Urgent Care Guide > Pulm 4 - Pediatric Presentations > Flashcards

Pulm 4 - Pediatric Presentations Flashcards

1
Q

croup

A

upper respiratory infection that may cause swelling, resulting in airway obstruction; most common age 1-3 yrs in winter (75% caused by virus, parainfluenza most common)

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2
Q

upper respiratory infection that may cause swelling, resulting in airway obstruction; most common age 1-3 yrs in winter

A

croup

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3
Q

RSV/bronchiolitis

A

lower respiratory inflammatory infection; most common in children 6 months - 2 years in winter and spring

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4
Q

lower respiratory inflammatory infection; most common in children 6 months - 2 years in winter and spring

A

RSV/bronchiolitis - RSV is a virus that can cause bronchiolitis

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5
Q

URI

A

self limiting, usually caused by a virus but may be bacterial; typically occurs in fall/winter months i.e. common cold

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6
Q

URI aka

A

common cold

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7
Q

self limiting, usually caused by a virus but may be bacterial; typically occurs in fall/winter months i.e. common cold

A

URI

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8
Q

pneumonia

A

infection of the pulmonary parenchyma, which can be bacterial, viral, fungal, or r/t chemical irritants; highest risk in infants < 2 years

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9
Q

infection of the pulmonary parenchyma, which can be bacterial, viral, fungal, or r/t chemical irritants; highest risk in infants < 2 years

A

PNA

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10
Q

croup is most common in what age

A

1-3 years

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11
Q

RSV/bronchiolitis is most common in what age

A

6 months - 2 years

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12
Q

croup s/sx
6

A
  1. fever
  2. congestion
  3. hoarse voice
  4. barking cough
  5. inspiratory stridor
  6. worsened sx at night
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13
Q

RSV/bronchiolitis s/sx
6

A
  1. fever
  2. cough
  3. congestion, copious nasal drainage
  4. decreased appetite
  5. wheezing
  6. irritability
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14
Q

URI s/sx
8

A
  1. sick contacts
  2. cough
  3. fever
  4. HA
  5. malaise/fatigue
  6. congestion
  7. wheezing
  8. eye pain
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15
Q

PNA s/sx
8

A
  1. fever/chills
  2. cough
  3. congestion
  4. irritability
  5. CP
  6. wheezing
  7. decreased appetite
  8. lethargy
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16
Q

croup PE findings
4

A
  1. hoarse voice
  2. coryza
  3. tachycardia
  4. tachypnea
17
Q

croup common etiology

A

viral - most often parainfluenza virus (not the same as influenza A/B)
then other commons are Influenza A or B

18
Q

URI common etiologies

A

1 rhinovirus

other can be adenovirus and 200+ more

19
Q

RSV/bronchiolitis PE findings
4

A
  1. nasal flaring
  2. tachycardia
  3. tachypnea
  4. nasal drainage
20
Q

URI PE findings
2

A
  1. cough
  2. congestion
21
Q

PNA PE findings
3

A
  1. crackles/rales
  2. tachycardia
  3. tachypnea
22
Q

PNA viral etiology

A

RSV

23
Q

most common etiology in children for PNA

A

strep pneumonia

24
Q

img/testing

A

generally not necessary:

croup - may see steeple sign on AP x ray
RSV/bronchiolitis - cxr may show hyperinflation or bronchial thickening; consider rapid RSV screening
PNA - cxr

25
Q

croup tx
2

A
  1. consider single dose of dexamethasone 0.6 mg/kg PO (max 10 mg)
  2. consider humidified air/mist
26
Q

RSV/bronchiolitis tx
1

A

consider nasal suction

27
Q

URI - avoid OTC cough and cold medications for children of what age

A

< 2 but FDA recommends waiting til 6 years old or older

28
Q

PNA tx for well appearing w/ normal pulse oximetry
2

A
  1. abx
  2. antitussives
29
Q

when to refer to ER
3

A
  1. toxic appearing
  2. respiratory distress
  3. dehydration/inability to tolerate PO
30
Q

best ranked cough medications for children
3

A
  1. children’s delsym (4 and older)
  2. children’s robitussin (4 and older)
  3. children’s mucinex (4 and older)
31
Q

croup is dx how

A

clinically

32
Q

fever, congestion, barking cough, inspiratory stridor

A

croup

33
Q

fever, wheezing, nasal drainage

A

RSV

34
Q

fever, cough, congestion, ear pain

A

URI

35
Q

fever, cough, congestion, lethargy, wheezing

A

PNA

36
Q

flu etiology

A

influenza virus - A, B, C, D

Urgent Care Guide (38 decks)

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