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ASC261 > Puerperium > Flashcards

Puerperium Flashcards

1
Q

What is the puerperium?

A

period after parturition where reproductive tract returns to a non-pregnant state so that pregnancy can again occur

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2
Q

Time for puerperium is required for…?

A 
uterine involution (repair)
ovarian activity to resume
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3
Q

What are the 4 major events of puerperium…?

A
  1. Myometrial contraction
  2. Endometrial repair
  3. Elimination of bacterial contaminants
  4. Resumption of endocrine/ovarian function
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4
Q

In production animals puerperium desired is…

A 
shortest possible time
  - improve prod. efficiency
  - ++ offspring over lifetime
  - ++ milk yields over lifetime
resumption at day 16-18 (dairy cows); longer in beef cattle due to lactational anoestrus
Uterine involution (45-50 days)
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5
Q

Step 1 - Myometrial contractions…

A 
immediately after parturition
 - disharge of fluids
 - compression uterine vasculature
 - reduction in uterine size
postpartum
 - oxytocin released upon suckling reflex -> problem
Lochial discharge
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6
Q

What is Lochial discharge?

A
  • blood tinged fluid discharge made up of foetal membrane remnants & endometrial tissue
  • Normal up to 14 days PP (increased blood & tissue day 5-10)
  • Should be no visible discharge from day 16 PP in dairy cows!
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7
Q

Step 2 - endometrial repair…

A
  • vasoconstriction
  • necrosis
  • sloughing
  • repair (caruncles…)
  • caruncles eventually covered by endometrium
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8
Q

Step 3 - Elimination of bacterial contaminants…

A
  • myometrial contractions

- phagocytosis (++ leucocytosis due to ++ E2)

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9
Q

List a couple of problems that may occur in puerperium…

A

Retained foetal membranes (RFM)
Puerperal metritis
Pyometra

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10
Q

A bit more on RFM…causes, consequences, treatment…

A

Causes - failure of placenta to mature, uterine inertia, placentitis
Consequences - milk taint, ++ uterine infections, reduced appetite & milk prod.
Treatment - time, antimicrobials, oxytocin, uterine lavage

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11
Q

A bit more on puerperal metritis…

A

< 21 days post partum
abnormally enlarged uterus
red-brown uterine discharge
systemic illness (pyrexia, - milk yields, lethargy, toxaemia)

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12
Q

Re. puerperal metritis. Failure to eliminate bacteria -> ?

A

prolong uterine involution
prolong puerperium
delay subsequent pregnancies

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13
Q

Re. puerperal metritis. Predisposing factors…?

A
  1. RFM
  2. Dyctocia
  3. Delay in uterine clearance (Lochial removal)
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14
Q

Treatment of puerperal metritis?

A

Cattle: anitmicrobials, anti. inflamms., PGE, return to cyclicity

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15
Q

Pyometra…

A

enlarged uterus
pus in uterus
Active CL
closure of cervix

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16
Q

Can lead to …? Treatment?

A

Dyctocia or RFM
++ lochial duration
CL formation & P4 prod
Treatment: PGE, uterine lavage, intrauterine ABs, systemic therapy

ASC261 (17 decks)

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