Public Health and Health Promotion

Question 1

What is public health? (4 points)

Answer 1

Improving the population health
Making people healthy
Saving lives (preventing premature death)
Life expectancy

“Public Health is the science and art of preventing diseases, prolonging life and promoting health, through the organised efforts of society”

Question 2

Who is responsible for public health? List all

Answer 2

All sectors of the society
Department of Health
Stakeholders
Government
Private sector
Non-government organisations
International organisations
Community

Question 3

What is health? According to the WHO:

Answer 3

/ Physical
/ Social
/ Mental
/ Wellbeing
X mere absence of disease
X mere absence of infirmary

Question 4

E.g patients w broken leg

Answer 4

• blind? = vision counselling
• drugs
• are they educate enough? = raising awareness
• workplace = safety

Question 5

What is the definition of health promotion?

Answer 5

“Process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health”

Give enough info to make sure patient looks after themselves - can’t FORCE, only ADVISE

Patients ACTS in the right way when on their own

Question 6

What are the TWO health determinants?

Answer 6

1) Person centred care (GPhC standard - look after a specific patient in a tailored way)

2) Holistic approaches (education/ emergency departments)

Question 7

Complex interactions:

Answer 7

1) Individual
2) Lifestyles and behaviour
3) Physical, social and economic environment

Question 8

How is public health dealt with?

Answer 8

3Ps:
1. Protection
2. Prevention
3. Promotion

Question 9

1. Protection
   e.g. during the pandemic

Answer 9

• mandatory masks
• protect the workplace
• hospitals - adapt

Question 10

2. Prevention

Answer 10

• screening (e.g. for females)
• Covid vaccine

Question 11

3. Promotion

Answer 11

• exersice
• diet

Question 12

How can the PPPs happen efficiently?

Answer 12

• Governance = ensuring that there are systems in place. e.g ramp into pharmacy for wheelchair user
• Advocacy = e.g. encourage flu vaccine - prevent patients from going to a&e - x1 for NHS costs £3,000
• Capacity
• Resources
• Information = promotion of health

Question 13

What is ‘The Ottawa Charter’?

Answer 13

Provided goals and concepts of health promotion

In November 1986, International Conference aimed at health for All by 2000

Question 14

What did the Ottawa Charter design?

Answer 14

5 Action Areas
3 Strategies

Question 15

What are the 5 action areas? (The Ottawa Charter) POSSIBLE SAQ

Answer 15

1. Build healthy public policy = Protect health, enable healthy choices
2. Create supportive environments = Healthy choices related to where people live, work, learn and play
3. Strengthen community action = Community efforts to improve health
   Addressing health inequality
4. Reorient health services = Information, education and life
5. Develop personal skills = Skills to make good healthy choices

Question 16

What are the 3 strategies? (The Ottawa Charter)

Answer 16

1. Advocate: systems in place
2. Mediate: individuals and organisations
3. Enable: work in partnerships and empower individuals

Question 17

What’s the core of public health? 3 points

Answer 17

Enable
Mediate
Advocate

Question 18

Example - SAQs

Answer 18

Define health.
Describe the key areas and strategies of the Ottawa Charter.
Provide examples of public health interventions to promote health.