Puberty

Question 1

What are the main four hormones vital for puberty

Answer 1

Gonadotropin releasing hormone - GnRH
Luteinizing hormone - LH
Folliclestimulating hormone - FSH
Neuroendocrine hormones (Vague)

Question 2

Gonadarche

Answer 2

Activation of the gonads by the pituitary hormones; FSH/LH

Question 3

Adrenarche

Answer 3

Increase in production of androgens by the adrenal cortex

Question 4

Menarche

Answer 4

First Menstrual bleed, Oestradiol on endometrial lining with no ovulation

Question 5

Spermarche

Answer 5

First sperm production

This can be nocturnal sperm emissions FSH, LH leading to testosterone production

Question 6

Pubarche

Answer 6

This is the appearance of pubic hair; a result of androgen production
Also the first appearance of axillary hair, apocrine body odour and acne

Question 7

Tanner Stages

Answer 7

This is a scale of physical measurements of development based on external primary and secondary sex characteristics, such as the size of the breasts, genitals, testicular volume and development of pubic hair.

Question 8

Precocious Puberty

Answer 8

When a child goes into Puberty too soon. This is at an early age of about 8 for girls and 9 for boys.

Question 9

Which type of Precocious Puberty produces sexual characteristics corresponding to the child’s gender

Answer 9

True Central Precocious Puberty

Question 10

Which type of Precocious Puberty produces sexual characteristics which can be defined as isosexual and contrasexual?

Answer 10

Peripheral Precocity

Question 11

True Central Precocious Puberty

Answer 11

Gonadotropin dependent precocious puberty which leads to early maturation of HPG axis and sequential maturation of sexual characteristics.

Question 12

Peripheral Precocious Puberty

Answer 12

Gonadotropin independent precocious puberty. As a result of excess secretion of sex hormones leading to random maturation of sexual characteristics.

Question 13

Premature Adrenarche is more common in which group of people?

Answer 13

Afro-Caribbean Females
Hispanics Females
In patients with obesity and insulin resistance

Question 14

Premature Adrenarche

Answer 14

Appearance of pubic hair, axillary hair, body odour and acne at an earlier stage. with increased risk for PCOS and priming for TCPP

Question 15

Thelarche

Answer 15

Appearance of breast tissue due to oestradiol from ovaries

Question 16

Delayed Puberty Girls

Answer 16

NO Breast development at 13
NO pubic hair by 14
NO Menarche by 16

Question 17

Delayed Puberty Boys

Answer 17

Testicular volume is less than 4ml by 14
NO pubic hair by 15
More 5 years needed to finish penile growth

Question 18

Adolescence is often the healthiest period of life, there are key challenges to health for this group

Answer 18

• Sexual health, substance use and injury prominent amongst these
• There have been recent declines in risk behaviours in the UK
• There are variations in the experiences of these risks, and these can be linked to socioeconomic inequalities
• Risks vary globally

Question 19

Stigma

Answer 19

a discrediting attribute or mark of disgrace; socially constructed based upon identity and association
Stigma legitimises hostility and efforts to intervene and control