Puberty Flashcards
What are the main four hormones vital for puberty
Gonadotropin releasing hormone - GnRH
Luteinizing hormone - LH
Folliclestimulating hormone - FSH
Neuroendocrine hormones (Vague)
Gonadarche
Activation of the gonads by the pituitary hormones; FSH/LH
Adrenarche
Increase in production of androgens by the adrenal cortex
Menarche
First Menstrual bleed, Oestradiol on endometrial lining with no ovulation
Spermarche
First sperm production
This can be nocturnal sperm emissions FSH, LH leading to testosterone production
Pubarche
This is the appearance of pubic hair; a result of androgen production
Also the first appearance of axillary hair, apocrine body odour and acne
Tanner Stages
This is a scale of physical measurements of development based on external primary and secondary sex characteristics, such as the size of the breasts, genitals, testicular volume and development of pubic hair.
Precocious Puberty
When a child goes into Puberty too soon. This is at an early age of about 8 for girls and 9 for boys.
Which type of Precocious Puberty produces sexual characteristics corresponding to the child’s gender
True Central Precocious Puberty
Which type of Precocious Puberty produces sexual characteristics which can be defined as isosexual and contrasexual?
Peripheral Precocity
True Central Precocious Puberty
Gonadotropin dependent precocious puberty which leads to early maturation of HPG axis and sequential maturation of sexual characteristics.
Peripheral Precocious Puberty
Gonadotropin independent precocious puberty. As a result of excess secretion of sex hormones leading to random maturation of sexual characteristics.
Premature Adrenarche is more common in which group of people?
Afro-Caribbean Females
Hispanics Females
In patients with obesity and insulin resistance
Premature Adrenarche
Appearance of pubic hair, axillary hair, body odour and acne at an earlier stage. with increased risk for PCOS and priming for TCPP
Thelarche
Appearance of breast tissue due to oestradiol from ovaries
Delayed Puberty Girls
NO Breast development at 13
NO pubic hair by 14
NO Menarche by 16
Delayed Puberty Boys
Testicular volume is less than 4ml by 14
NO pubic hair by 15
More 5 years needed to finish penile growth
Adolescence is often the healthiest period of life, there are key challenges to health for this group
- Sexual health, substance use and injury prominent amongst these
- There have been recent declines in risk behaviours in the UK
- There are variations in the experiences of these risks, and these can be linked to socioeconomic inequalities
- Risks vary globally
Stigma
a discrediting attribute or mark of disgrace; socially constructed based upon identity and association
Stigma legitimises hostility and efforts to intervene and control
