Pterygopalatine Fossa/ Nasal Cavity Flashcards
Nasal Cavity Innervation
CN 1
CN V1
CN V2
Nasal Cavity Blood Supply
Maxillary A
Sphenopalatine A
Anterior and posterio
ethomoidal As
Greater palatine A
Facial A
Superior labial A
Lateral nasal branches
Anastamose–> Kiesselbach area
Nasal Cavity Venous Drainage
drain to sphenopalatine, facial and ophthalmic veins–> cavernous sinus
What is the main cause of epistaxis?
Trauma–> bleeding from anterior 1/3 of nose via *Kiesselbach area
*facial and maxillary A anastomoses
Pterygopalatine Fossa Bounderies
Anterior: Maxillary tuberosity
Posterior: lateral pterygoid plate
Medial: perpendicular plate of palatine
Lateral: infratemporal fossa
Roof: greater wing of sphenoid
floor: pyramidal process of palatine bone
Pterygopalatine Contents
CN V2
Pterygopalatine ganglion
3rd part of maxillary A
Maxillary A contribution to nasal region
Pterygopalatine portion:
Sphenopalatine A to nasal cavity
Infraorbital A to eye
Posterior superior alveolar A to teeth
Nerves r/t Pterygopalatine Ganglion
Maxillary N (CN V3) ---> Zygomaticotemporal N and Pterygopalatine N
Facial N (CN VII) via autonomics ---> greater petrosal N
Pterygopalatine Ganglion r/t Glands
Facial nerve–> Greater petrosal N that synapses in pterygopalatine ganglion
joins deep petrosal N (postsynaptic symp.) from internal carotid plexus —> N to Pterygoid Canal
Sympathetic: palatinen glands, mucosa glands of pharynx and nasal cavity
Parasympathetic: lacrimal glands, nasal cavity, palate, pharynx mucus glands (hitch ride on zygomaticotemporal N of maxillary N)
Bones of nasal cavity
Frontal
Nasal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
--->superior and middle
nasal conchae
Inferior nasal concha
Maxilla
PalatineNasal cavity mucosa
Olfactory area: superior 1/3, house CN 1 nerve endins
Respiratory: inferior 2/3 (middle and inferior conchae area)
Nasal cavity boundaries
Roof: frontal, ethmoid sphenoid
Floor: palatine process of maxilla, horizontal plate of palatine bone
Medial wall: nasal septum
Lateral wall: conchae
Nasal Conchae
Divide nasal cavity in to 4 passages
Superior and middle are part of ethmoid bone
Inferior is separate bone
What is the opening of the sphenoid sinus?
Spheno-ethmoidal recess (above superior nasal concha)
What is the opening for the ethmoid sinuses?
Superior nasal meatus (under concha)–> posterior ethmoid sinus
Middle nasal meatus–> anterior and middle ethmoid sinuses
What is the opening for the frontal sinus?
Middle nasal meatus under concha
What is the opening for the nasolacrimal duct?
Inferior nasal meatus under concha
What is the opening for the maxillary sinus?
Maxillary ostium
—> posterior part of semilunar hiatus of MIDDLE nasal meatus
Maxillary Paranasal Sinus
CN V2: superior alveolar branches
Superior alveolar branches of Maxillary A and greater palatine A
LARGEST SINUS
drains via maxillary ostium into middle meatus
Ethmoid Paranasal Sinus
CN V1: nasociliary N
Ethmoidal A from ophthalmic As (ICA)
Air cells b/t orbits
Anterior and middle drain into middle meatus
Posterior drains into superior meatus
Sphenoid Paranasal Sinus
CN V1: Posterior ethmoidal N
Posterior ethmoidal A via ophthalmic A (ICA)
drains via spheno-ethmoidal recess
unevenly divided by bony part of nasal septum
Frontal Paranasal Sinus
CN V1: supraorbital N
Supraorbital and anterior ethmoidal As via ophthalmic A (ICA)
b/t outer and inner frontal bone, posterior to supercililary arches
drains via frontonasal duct into semilunar hiatus of middle meatus
What sinus allow surgical access to pterygopalatine fossa?
Maxillary sinus
