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Neuro1 > CN > Flashcards

CN Flashcards

1
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory

cirbriform plate

Smell

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2
Q

CN II

A

Optic

optic canal

Vision

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3
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor

superior orbital fissure

Levator palpebrae superioris, superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique

Parasympathetics: constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles via ciliary ganglion

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4
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear

superior orbital fissure

superior oblique (inferior and lateral)

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5
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal

V3: muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric

V1: sensory from cornea, nose, forehead, anterior scalp (superior orbital fissure)
V2: sensory from nasal mucosa, palate, gums, cheek (foramen rotundum)
V3: sensory from anterior 2/3 tongue, skin of chin, lower jaw and teeth, 1/3 auricle of ear (foramen ovale)

PA 1

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6
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens

superior orbital fissure

Lateral rectus

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7
Q

CN VII

A

Facial

internal acoustic meatus

stapedius, stylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric, muscles of facial expression (including buccinator and platysma)

Parasympathetic: lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual glands; mucous membrane of nose, hard and soft palates

skin of concha of ear, skin behind ear (small area)

taste anterior 2/3 tongue

PA 2

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8
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

internal acoustic meatus

auditory and balance from cochlea and semicircular canals

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9
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

jugular foramen

stylopharyngeus M 
otic ganglion
sensation from carotid 
 body and sinus
general sensation from 
  posterior 1/3 tongue, skin 
  of external ear, internal 
  tympanic membrane
taste posterior 1/3 tongue

PA 3

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10
Q

CN X

A

Vagus

jugular foramen

Muscles of pharynx, palatoglossus, larynx except for stylpharyngeus (IX) and tensor veli palati (V3)

Smooth muscle and glands of pharynx, larynx, thoracic and abdominal viscera

sensory from larynx, trachea, esophagus, thorax and abdomen, stretch receptors and chemoreceptors in aortic arch

skin behind ear, external acoustic meatus, external surface (part) of tympanic membrane and pharynx

PA 4/6

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11
Q

CN XI

A

Spinal Accessory

jugular foramen

SCM and trapezius

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12
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal

hypoglossal canal

muscles of tongue except palatoglossus (X)

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13
Q

CN I Nucleus

A

Mitral cells of olfactory bulb (SSA/SVA)

–>bipolar neurons in olfactory mucosa of nasal cavity

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14
Q

CN II Nucleus

A

Ganglion cells of retina (SSA)

–>retina

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15
Q

CN III Nucleus

A

Oculomotor (GSE)
Edinger-Westphal (GVE)
–>mesencephalon

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16
Q

CN IV Nucleus

A

Trochlear (GSE)

–>mesencephalon

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17
Q

CN V Nucleus

A

Masticator (SVE)
Trigeminal (GSA)
–>pons

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18
Q

CN VI Nucleus

A

Abducens (GSE)

–>pons

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19
Q

CN VII Nucleus

A 
Facial (SVE)
Superior salivatory (GVE)
Trigeminal (GSA)
Gustatory~taste
-->pons
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20
Q

CN VIII Nucleus

A

Vestibular (SSA)-balance
Cochlear (SSA)-hearing
–>inner ear

21
Q

CN IX Nucleus

A 
Ambiguus (SVE)
Inferior salivatory (GVE)
Solitarius (GVA)
Trigeminal (GSA)
Gustatory~taste
-->medulla
22
Q

CN X Nucleus

A 
Ambiguus (SVE)
Dorsal vagus (GVE)
Solitarius (GVA)
Trigeminal (GSA)
-->medulla
23
Q

CN XI Nucleus

A

Accessory (possibly SVE to SCM and trap)

–>medulla/spinal

24
Q

CN XII Nucleus

A

Hypoglossal (GSE)

–>medulla

25
Q

CN I damage

A

anosmia (partial or total loss of smell), loss of taste

26
Q

CN II damage

A

Anopsia (visual defects)

27
Q

CN III damage

A 
Ptosis- upper eyelid 
  droop
paralysis of eye muscles-- 
 >strabismus (eyes not in 
  parallel, deviate 
  improperly)
diplopia
focusing difficulty
pupillary dilation (loss of 
  parasympathetic 
  constriction)
28
Q

CN IV damage

A

stabismus, diplopia
can’t look down and
out

29
Q

CN VI damage

A

limit lateral movement of eye, diplopia

–>lateral gaze palsy

30
Q

CN V damage

A 
trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
-->suicidal pain

mastication muscle
weakness/paralysis

31
Q

CN VII damage

A 
decreased tearing and 
  salivation
loss of taste sensation 
  anterior 2/3 tongue
Bell's palsy
32
Q

CN VIII damage

A

loss of balance, nausea,
vomiting, dizziness,
deafness, tinnitis,
nystagmus

33
Q

CN IX damage

A 
reduced salivary 
  secretion, loss of gag 
  reflex and taste to 
  posterior 1/3 tongue
possibly brady or tachy
34
Q

CN X damage

A 
larynx problems 
  including hoarseness, 
  monotone, complete 
  loss of voice
  difficulty swallowing, 
  loss of gag reflex
impaired GI
35
Q

CN XI damage

A

paralysis of trap/SCM

difficulty elevating shoulder, turning face to opposite side (neck toward, chin away)

36
Q

CN XII damage

A 
difficulty swallowing and 
  speech d/t impaired 
  tongue movement
only 1 damaged: 
  protruded tongue 
  deviates to side of 
  damage
37
Q

CN I pathway

A

through foramina in cribriform plate of ethmoid bone, synapses in olfactory bulb in anterior crainal fossa

38
Q

CN II pathway

A

enters cranium via optic foramen of sphenoid–> L and R unite at optic chiasm–> optic tracts go to lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus–> info goes to occipital lobe

39
Q

CN III pathway

A

superior orbital fissure to eye and eyelid

pregang. parasympathetic to ciliary ganglion, postgang. fibers then travel to iris and ciliary muscle

40
Q

CN IV pathway

A

superior orbital fissue out to superior oblique muscle

41
Q

CN V pathway

A

V1: enter cranium via superior orbital fissue to trigeminal ganglion–> pons

V2: enter cranium via foramen rotundum to trigeminal ganglion–> pons

V3: motor leave pons and cranium via foramen ovale to muscles; sensory enters cranium via foramen ovale to trigeminal ganglion–> pons

42
Q

CN VI pathway

A

superior orbital fissure out to lateral rectus muscle

43
Q

CN VII pathway

A

sensory: from tongue via chorda tympani to skull, synapse on geniculate ganglion
motor: leave pons, enter temporal bone via internal acoustic meatus, emerge via stylomastoid foramen to muscles
parasympathetic: leave pons, enter internal auditory canal, leave via greater petrosal nerve or chorda tympani–> autonomic ganglion

44
Q

CN VIII pathway

A

vestibular ganglion and spiral ganglion near cochlea converge to enter cranial cavity via internal acoustic meatus–> junction of pons and medulla

45
Q

CN IX pathway

A

sensory from tongue and carotid body (via superior or inferior ganglion) to jugular foramen–> pons

motor leave via jugular foramen to stylopharyngeus M

parasympathetic travel to otic ganglion–> parotid gland

46
Q

CN X pathway

A

jugular foramen–> branch extensively in neck, thorax and abdoen

sensory neuron cell bodies in superior and inferior ganglion associated with nerve

47
Q

CN XI pathway

A

Spinal root enters skull via foramen magnum, merge with cranial root to leave skull via jugular foramen–> splits to travel with CN X (cranial) and to SCM and trapezius (spinal)

48
Q

CN XII pathway

A

hypoglossal canal–> inferior mandible and inferior surface of tongue

Neuro1 (9 decks)

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