Pterygopalatine fossa Flashcards
what is hayfever?
allergy to pollen resulting in acute inflammation of nasal mucosa: dilated blood vessels
what is the cause of hayfever?
activation of “ganglion of hayfever” (pterygopalatine ganglion)
resulting in:
- nasal glands secrete mucous
- lacrimal glands produce tears
where is the pterygopalatine fossa located?
medial/deep to the infratemporal fossa
pterygomaxillary fissure opens into the pterygopalatine fossa
between the lateral pterygoid plate and maxilla
the pterygopalatine fossa communicates anteriorly with what?
orbit
via inferior orbital fissure
the pterygopalatine fossa communicates posteriorly with what?
middle cranial fossa
via foramen rotundum and pterygoid canal
the pterygopalatine fossa communicates laterally with what?
infratemporal fossa
via pterygomaxillary fissure
the pterygopalatine fossa communicates medially with what?
nasal cavity
via sphenopalatine foramen
the pterygopalatine fossa is continuous with what?
sphenopalatine foramen
the pterygopalatine fossa contains what?
terminal 1/3 maxillary artery
CNV2
pterygopalatine ganglion (hayfever)
name this artery
external carotid artery
name this artery
maxillary artery
name this artery
greater and lesser palatine arteries from descending palatine artery
name this artery
posterior superior alveolar artery
name this artery
sphenopalatine artery
name this artery
infraorbital artery
name these arteries
middle and anterior superior alveolar artery
what does the infraorbital artery supply?
through inferior orbital fissure and infraorbital foramen to supply the skin of the face
understand this
name this nerve that supplies the anterosuperior lateral and medial walls of the nasal cavity?
anterior ethmoidal branch of nasociliary - CNV1
name this nerve that supplies the posteroinferior lateral walls of the nasal cavity
lateral nasal branches of greater palatine nerve - CNV2
name this nerve that supplies the posteroinferior medial walls of the nasal cavity
nasopalatine nerve - CNV2
name the foramen CNV2 exits through
foramen rotundum
name this structure of CNV2
pterygopalatine ganglion
name these nerves of CNV2
ganglionic branches
name this nerve of CNV2
nasopalatine
name this nerve of CNV2
greater and lesser palatine
name this nerve of CNV2
posterior superior alveolar nerve
name this nerve of CNV2
zygomatic
name this nerve of CNV2
zygomaticotemporal
name this nerve of CNV2
zygomaticofacial
name this nerve of CNV2
communicating branch to CNV1
name this nerve of CNV2
lacrimal nerve CNV1
this is nerve in bone, what structure is this?
infraorbital groove/canal
name this nerve of CNV2
middle superior alveolar nerve
name this nerve of CNV2
anterior superior alveolar nerve
name this foramen in which CNV2 exits to the face
infraorbital foramen
name these nerves of CNV2
infraorbital nerves
name this nerve and foramen
CNV2
foramen rotundum
name this area
pterygopalatine fossa
name this nerve structure
pterygopalatine ganglion
name these nerves
greater and lesser palatine nerves
and
nasopalatine nerve (with sphenopalatine artery)
what does the nasopalatine nerve supply?
medial wall of the nasal cavity
name these nerves
infraorbital nerves
what do the infraorbital nerves supply?
skin/mucosa of the upper lip
name this nerve of CNV2
zygomatic nerve
name these nerves of CNV2
zygomaticofacial
zygomaticotemporal
name this nerve of CNV2
posterior superior alveolar nerve
name this nerve of CNV2
middle superior alveolar nerve
name this nerve of CNV2
anterior superior alveolar nerve
what do the middle and anterior superior alveolar nerve supply?
dentition
mucosa of maxillary sinus
labial and buccal gingiva
describe the path of the preganglionic sympathetic fibres from the brain to supply the nasal cavity
down spinal chord
exit in T1 spinal nerve
travel superiorly in the sympathetic chain
synapse in superior cervical sympathetic ganglion
describe the path of postsynaptic fibres from the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion to the cranial cavity
internal carotid nerve
forms internal carotid plexus on the internal carotid artery
follow the internal carotid artery to gain access to the cranial cavity
name this structure
superior cervical sympathetic ganglion in sympathetic chain
name this nerve
internal carotid nerve
name this artery
internal carotid artery
name these nerves
internal carotid plexus
name this nerve
deep petrosal nerve
name this foramen
pterygoid canal on sphenoid (pterygopalatine fossa)
name this structure
pterygopalatine ganglion
describe the path of postsynaptic sympathetic fibres from the cranial cavity to the nasal cavity
internal carotid plexus
deep petrosal nerve
through pterygoid canal
through pterygopalatine ganglion
distributed through other nerves
parasympathetics are distrubuted via what cranial nerves?
CNIII
CNVII
CNIX
CNX
what cranial nerve supplies parasympathetic fibres to the lacrimal gland, nasal and palatine region?
CNVII
name this nerve
CNVII
in internal acoustic meatus
name this nerve
greater petrosal nerve
in middle cranial fossa
name this nerve
nerve of pterygoid canal
the nerve of pterygoid canal caries what fibres?
postsynaptic sympathetic fibres
presynaptic parasympathetic fibres
name this structure
pterygopalatine ganglion
what happens at the pterygopalatine ganglion?
postsynaptic sympathetic fibres pass through
presynaptic parasympathetic fibres synapse
describe the parasympathetic nerve supply to the lacrimal gland, nasal and palatine region
CNVII
greater petrosal nerve
joins with deep petrosal nerve
forming nerve of pterygoid canal
synapse at pterygopalatine ganglion
Postsynaptic postganglionic parasympathetic fibres
To lacrimal gland, nasal and palatine region
activation of the pterygopalatine ganglion results in what?
production of tears and mucous in the nasal cavity
