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3 Anatomy > Palate anatomy and innervation > Flashcards

Palate anatomy and innervation Flashcards

1
Q

what is the palate?

A

the tissue that forms the roof of the mouth

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2
Q

what are the two divisions of the palate? which is anterior?

A

hard palate anterior
soft palate

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3
Q

what is the soft tissue in the soft palate?

A

mucosa thats overlying musculature

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4
Q

what are the 4 bones of the hard palate?

A

right and left maxilla
right and left palatine bone

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5
Q

what part of the maxilla forms the hard palate?

A

palatine process

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6
Q

what part of the palatine bones form the palate?

A

horizontal plates

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7
Q

name this bone and the particular part of the bone

A

palatine process of maxillae

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8
Q

name this foramen?

A

incisive canal

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9
Q

name this foraminae and what passes through it

A

greater and lesser palatine foramen for CNV2 branches and vessels

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10
Q

name this bone and the particular part of the bone

A

horizontal plates of palatine bone

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11
Q

name this part of the palatine bone

A

pyramidal process

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12
Q

name this bone and these parts

A

sphenoid bone
lateral and medial pterygoid plates

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13
Q

name this part of the maxilla

A

maxillary tuberosity

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14
Q

name this suture

A

median palatine suture

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15
Q

what is the epithelium of the hard palate?

A

keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

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16
Q

what is the epithelium of the soft palate?

A

non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

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17
Q

what does raphe mean in anatomy?

A

when a right and left structure is zipped together

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18
Q

name this structure

A

incisive papilla

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19
Q

name this ridge like structure

A

palatal rugae

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20
Q

name this structure

A

palatine raphe

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21
Q

what are these holes?

A

duct opening for palatine salivary glands

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22
Q

what are these structures called

A

minor salivary glands in the palatal mucosa

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23
Q

what causes a cleft palate?

A

failure of the lateral palatine processes to meet and fuse

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24
Q

what is an aponeurosis?

A

attaches muscles to bones

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25
Q

the nasoplatine nerve of CNV2 exits where in the palate?

A

incisive canal

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26
Q

the greater and lesser palatine nerves exit where in the palate?

A

greater and lesser palatine foramen

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27
Q

name this nerve

A

nasopalatine nerve
branch of CNV2

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28
Q

name these arteries

A

greater and lesser palatine arteries

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29
Q

name this structure

A

flattened tendon -> aponeurosis

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30
Q

name this boney structure

A

pterygoid hamalus

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31
Q

name these nerves

A

greater and lesser palatine nerves branches of CNV2

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32
Q

where do the greater palatine nerves supply?

A

supply the hard palate

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33
Q

where do the lesser palatine nerves supply?

A

soft palate

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34
Q

where do the greater palatine arteries supply?

A

hard palate

35
Q

where do the lesser palatine arteries supply?

A

the soft palate

36
Q

name this structure

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

37
Q

name these nerves and arteries

A

lesser palatine arteries and nerves

38
Q

name these arteries and nerves

A

greater palatine arteries and nerves

39
Q

the greater and lesser palatine nerves and nasopalatine nerve are branches of what?

A

maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

40
Q

what does the nasopalatine nerve supply?

A

palatal gingivae of anterior teeth and mucosa of anterior palate

41
Q

what nerve supplies the hard palate?

A

greater palatine nerve and nasopalatine nerve

42
Q

what supplies this part of the palate?

A

incisive branch of nasopalatine nerve

43
Q

what supplies this part of the palate?

A

greater palatine nerves

44
Q

what supplies this part of the palate?

A

lesser palatine nerves

45
Q

where does lymph from the anterior part of the hard palate drain?

A

submandibular nodes then to the deep cervical lymph nodes

46
Q

where does lymph from the soft palate and the posterior part of the hard palate drain?

A

straight to the deep cervical lymph nodes
or
retropharyngeal nodes then deep cervical lymph nodes

47
Q

name this structure

A

palatopharyngeal arch

48
Q

name this structure

A

palatoglossal arch

49
Q

name this structure

A

palatine tonsil

50
Q

name this structure

A

uvula

51
Q

name this structure

A

posterior wall of oropharynx

52
Q

what are the 5 pairs of muscles of the soft palate?

A

levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
musculus uvulae
palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus

53
Q

name this muscle

A

levator veli palatini

54
Q

name this muscle

A

tensor veli palatini

55
Q

name this muscle

A

musculus uvulae

56
Q

name this muscle

A

palatoglossus

57
Q

name this muscle

A

palatopharyngeus

58
Q

what doe levator veli palatini do?

A

elevates the palate

59
Q

what does tensor veli palatini do?

A

tenses the palate

60
Q

the skeletal muscles of the soft palate are all supplied by what nerves?

A

CN X and CN XI
except tensor veli palatini which is CNV3

61
Q

the tensor veli palatini attaches superiorly where?

A

to the sphenoid bone

62
Q

where does the tendon of tensor veli palatini turn medially and enter the soft palate?

A

at the pterygoid hamalus

63
Q

what forms the palatine aponeurosis?

A

the tendons from the tensor veli palatini of each side flatten out and join in the soft palate

64
Q

name this structure

A

pterygoid hamalus

65
Q

levator veli palatini attaches superiorly where?

A

petrous part of temporal bone

66
Q

which is more anterior, levator veli palatini or tensor veli palatini?

A

tensor vali palatini

67
Q

name this muscle

A

tensor veli palatini

68
Q

name this structure

A

pterygoid hamalus

69
Q

name this muscle

A

levator veli palatini

70
Q

how is CN X clinically tested?

A

ask patient to say ahh, if nerves functioning normally then uvula will lift straight up in the midline

if there is unilateral pathology the uvula will pull away from the non-functioning side

71
Q

functions of the soft palate 3

A

stop food entering nose
directs air
close off the entrance into the oropharynx during gag reflex

72
Q

what causes this ridge?

A

tensor veli palatini

73
Q

what is this space?

A

opening of eustachian tubes

74
Q

what causes this ridge?

A

levator veli palatini

75
Q

what causes this ridge?

A

salpingopharyngeus

76
Q

name this muscle

A

tensor veli palatini

77
Q

name this muscle

A

levator veli palatini

78
Q

name this muscle

A

salpingopharyngeus

79
Q

name this muscle

A

superior constrictor muscle

80
Q

name this muscle

A

palatopharyngeus

81
Q

name this muscle

A

middle constrictor muscle

82
Q

name this space

A

tonsillar crypt

83
Q

name this muscle

A

palatoglossus

3 Anatomy (9 decks)

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