PT9 Flashcards
Primary cell responsible for inflamm. response in gout
Neutrophils
MOA Colchicine
Interferes with MT formation for neutrophil chemotaxis and activation
Nucleoside analogs that require viral kinase for activation
Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Famciclovir, Ganciclovir
Nucleotide analogs (do NOT require viral kinase)
Cidofovir, Tenofovir
Herpesvirus/VZV strain lacking thymidine kinase
Confers resistance to nucleoSIDE analog antiviral drugs
Foscarnet
Pyrophosphate analog
Viral DNA polymerase inhibitor
Does NOT require viral kinase activation
Treats: HSV, CMV (especially retinitis)
AA with 3 titratable protons
G.A.L. C.H.A.T
Glutamic acid, Aspartic acid, Lysine
Cysteine, Histadine, Arginine, Tyrosine
Celecoxib
Selective COX-2 inhibitor; potent anti-inflammatory effects WITHOUT side effects of bleeding, GI ulceration, and impaired platelet function
Examples of NSAIDs (reversibly inhibit COX-1 and COX-2)
Diclofenac, Fenoprofen, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Ketorolac, Piroxicam
Aplastic anemia
Causes pancytopenia as the bone marrow is replaced by fat cells and fibrotic stroma - characterized by LACK of splenomegaly, low reticulocyte count, pancytopenia
Exercise and glucose relationship
Generally associated with lowering blood sugar (in diabetic & non-diabetic people) - increases glucose uptake by muscle cells
Exercise and insulin dependent diabetics
Increased glucose uptake via exercise
- Sensitizes muscle cells to insulin actions
- Increases insulin-independent glucose uptake into muscles
Normally, dec. glucose will inhib. actions of insulin (prevent further loss) but diabetics who rely on exogenous insulin LACK this fb mechanism
Berry aneurysms associated with
Coarctation of the Aorta - HTN created in the branches of aortic arch proximal to the coarct
Rifampin MOA
Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase - thus preventing transcription of DNA into mRNA
Inhib. bacterial growth but does not cause mycobacteria to lose their acid-fastness
Lesions on forehead - sandpaper texture of papules - describes…
Actinic Keratosis - erythematous papules with central scale due to hyperkeratosis; sandpaper texture; common on face, ears, scalp, dorsal arms/hands - chronic sun damage!
Can lead to SCC
Greatest prognostic significance for alcoholic liver injury
Prolonged PT & hypoalbuminemia
These are indicators of the liver’s synthetic function (dec. albumin and dec. coagulation factor synth) = signs of liver failure
Chronic NSAID use effect on kidneys
Chronic interstitial nephritis - patchy inflammation with fibrosis, necrosis and scarring of papillae, distortion of calyces, tubular atrophy
Pre-eclampsia triad
- HTN
- edema
- Proteinuria
Usually occurs after 20th wk gestation
Reye syndrome
Children with febrile illness treated with salicylates
Characterized by:
1. Hepatic failure - microvesicular steatosis, inc. ALT, AST, ammonia, prolonged PT, PTT, NO NECROSIS
2. Acute encephalopathy (due to hyperammonemia)
Impetigo causal organisms
- Staph aureus
2. GAS (Strep pyogenes)
What prevents influenza re=infection
Anti-hemagglutinin IgG antibodies in circulation and IgA antibodies in nasopharynx
Areas of the brain most vulnerable to global cerebral ischemia (cessation of cerebral blood flow due to cardiac arrest)
- Hippocampus
- Neocortex pyramidal cells
- Purkinje cells of cerebellum
Cladribine
Purine analog that is resistant to adenosine deaminase
Homocystinuria
Def. of cystathionine synthase - characterized by premature atherosclerosis
How to get rid of homocysteine:
1. conversion to cyteine via cystathionine synthase + cystathionase (require B6)
2. conversion to methionine (requires folate and B12)
