CBSSA 13 Flashcards
Man with longstanding DM type II and has anemia - how do you treat it?
It’s anemia of chronic disease - give EPO
Inflammation leads to inc. hepcidin which inhibits iron release from macrophages -
Acetaminophen toxicity & how alcohol facilitates this
Majority metabolized via glucuronidation to non-toxic metabolite.
Generation of NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine) via P450 = MINOR PATHWAY
TOO MUCH = saturation of glucuronidation = more P450 metabolism
Alcohol induces P450 system
Deficiency in myeloperoxidase prevents _____________ which causes inc. susceptibility to infections
Inability to produce hydroxy-halide radicals
H2O2 converted to HOCl radical via MPO
Pseudomonas exotoxin A
Inactivates EF-2
Chronic pseudomonas infections characterized by…
BIOFILM formation
What produces fructose rich secretions found in semen
Seminal vesicles
Primary cause of hemochromatosis
Mutation in HFE gene leads to increased intestinal absorption of iron = inc. iron stores and serum iron
Non-acantholytic blister with sepearation of epidermis from basement membrane - autoantibodies against?
Hemidesmosomal proteins
Bullous pemphigoid - IgG Ab
Spares oral mucosa (less severe than pemphigus vulgaris)
Pemphigus vulgaris
Autoimmune IgG Ab against desmoglein 3 (part of desmosomes) - acantholysis
+ Niklosky sign
Visceral pleura of lungs receives blood supply from…
Bronchial artery branches
Parietal pleura of lungs receives blood from…
Intercostal arteries
Which receives more CO? Bronchial or pulmonary circulation?
Pulmonary. Duh.
High volume, low pressure
Young adult male presents with hematuria, hemoptysis, weight loss - has microcytic hypochromic anemia - most likely dx and findings on IF, LM, GBM, EM?
Goodpasture's (RPGN) IF: Linear deposition of anti GBM Ab's LM: Glomerular crescents GBM: linear IgG and C3 deposits EM: no deposits
Role of RNA peptidyl transferase
Forms the peptide bonds between AA
Inhib by. chloramphenicol (on 50S subunit)
Trace path for glucagon/epinephrine mechanism to inc. glycogenolysis
Glucagon (from liver) or Epi (From liver & muscle) stim. adenylyl cyclase
Inc. cAMP
Activate PKA
Activate Glycogen phosphorylase kinase (adding Pi)
Activate glycogen phosphorylase
Activate glycogenolysis
Insulin effect on inhibiting glycogenolysis
Dimerize TK receptors
Activate protein phosphatase
INactivate glycogen phosphorylase kinase via removing Pi
How to become resistant to cirprofloxacin
DNA GYRASE MUTATION!!!!
Efflux pumps
Plasmid-mediated resistance
Characteristics of a VIPoma
Watery diarrhea Hypokalemia Achlorhydria Diarrhea will NOT get better fasting Vasodilation (flushing) Hyperglycemia
VIP function
Smooth muscle relaxation and sphincter relaxation
Inc. intestinal water and electrolyte secretion
If you add a base pair to 3’ end of tRNA and consequently shorten the C loop, what is the most likely effect on mitochondrial function?
Decreased protein synthesis - you’ll still have same mRNA stability but you won’t translate the protein (aka no synthesis)
Define the ego defense of SUPPRESSION
Voluntary witholding of an idea or feeling from conscious awareness (vs. repression)
Ex: Choosing not to think about the fact that alcoholics anger you and choosing to deal with it more effectively
Define reaction formation
IMMATURE/unhealthy ego defense
A warded-off idea or feeling is replaced by an (unconsciously derived) emphasis on its opposite
Ex: sex addicted thought person enters a monastery
Define sublimation ego defense
MATURE/healthy
One replaces an unacceptable wish with a course of action that is similar but does not conflict with one’s value system
Ex: teen’s aggression towards father is redirected to performing well in sports
Bupivacaine MOA
LOCAL ANESTHETIC
Decreased permeability to Na+ (prevents influx)
Inhib. depolarization
