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Cardio Pulm > PT Tests And Measures > Flashcards

PT Tests And Measures Flashcards

1
Q

ABI indicating rigid arteries and the need for an ultrasound test to check for peripheral artery disease

A

Greater to or equal 1.30

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2
Q

ABI 0.8-0.99

A

Mild blockage and beginnings of peripheral artery disease

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3
Q

Normal ABI with no blockage

A

1- 1.3

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4
Q

Moderate blockage may be associated with intermittent claudication during exercise

A

0.4 - 0.79

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5
Q

During BP measurement, a cuff that is two small may result in?

A

A false high reading

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6
Q

What valve 2nd intercostal space at the r sternal border

A

Aortic area

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7
Q

What valve 2nd intercostal space at the l sternal border

A

Pulmonic area

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8
Q

What valve at 4th intercostal space at the l sternal border

A

Tricuspid area

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9
Q

What valve at 5th intercostal space medial to l midclavicular line

A

Mitral area

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10
Q

Closure of the tricuspid and mitral valve sound

A

S1

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11
Q

S2 ?

A

Closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves at the onset of ventricular diastole

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12
Q

Vibrations of the distended ventricle walls due to passive flow of blood from the atria during the rapid filling phase of diastole. May be associated with heart failure.

A

S3

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13
Q

Pathological sound of vibration of the ventricular wall with ventricular filling and atrial contraction. May be associated with hypertension, stenosis, hypertensive heart disease or myocardial infarction; often called and atrial gallop

A

S4

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14
Q

What lung sound typically represents the movement of fluid or secretions during inspiration or occurs from the sudden opening of closed airways?

A

Crackles

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15
Q

What lung sound is dry and crackling heard during both inspiration and expiration, occurs when inflamed visceral of parietal for Rob together?

A

Pleural friction rub

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16
Q

What lung sound is described as having a snoring or gurgling quality and is caused by air passing through an airway which is obstructed by inflammatory secretions or liquids, bronchial spasm or neoplasms ?

A

Rhonchi

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17
Q

What lung sound is continuous musical or whistling sound composed of a variety of pitches. It arises from turbulent air flow of the vibrations of the walls of small airways due to narrowing by bronchospasm, edema, collapse, secretions, neoplasm or foreign bodies.

A

Wheezing

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18
Q

What sounds are typically heard over distal airways in healthy lung tissue?

A

Vesicular breath sounds

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19
Q

What sounds are typically heard over the trachea and are loud and tubular?

A

Bronchial

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20
Q

What lung sounds indicates severe congestion, emphysema or hypoventilation?

A

Deceased or diminished sounds

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21
Q

What sounds may indicate pneumothorax or lung collapse?

A

Absent breath sounds

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22
Q

Increased loudness and this thankfulness of breath sounds indicate?

A

Consolidation atelectasis or fibrosis Alderwood improve transmission of the vibrations through through the lung tissue

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23
Q

A form of bronchophony in which the spoken long E sound changes to a long nasal sounding A

A

Egophony

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24
Q

Recognition of whispered words 123

A

Whispered pectoriloquy

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25
Q

What is an abnormal capillary refill time?

A

Greater than two seconds

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26
Q

No breathlessness at all on the Borg

A

0

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27
Q

Mod breathlessness on the Borg ds

A

3

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28
Q

Severe breathlessness on the Borg ds

A

5

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29
Q

Maximum breathlessness on the Borg dyspnea scale

A

10

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30
Q

PR interval length

A

.12-.2 seconds of 3 -5 boxes

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31
Q

Qrs

A

.04-.1 or 1-2.5 boxes

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32
Q

Damage to what artery can damage the SA node?

A

RCA

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33
Q

What is the time for atrial depolarization and conduction from the SA node to the AV node?

A

PR interval

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34
Q

Time for both ventricular depo and repo?

A

QT interval

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35
Q

Isoelectric period following QRS when the ventricles are depolarized?

A

ST segment

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36
Q

____ are very common and usually benign may occur from caffeine, stress, smoking, and alcohol

A

PAC

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37
Q

Sawtooth shaped p waves with symptoms of palpitations lightheadedness, and angina due to rapid pulse

A

Atrial flutter

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38
Q

A common arrhythmia where the atria are depolarized between 350-600 times per min without a discrete pwave

A

Atrial fibrillation

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39
Q

The p wave is premature with abnormal configuration

A

PAC

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40
Q

Impulse delayed on the way to Av node or av conduction time is prolonged and pr interval is longer than .02

A

1st degree heart block

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41
Q

Av conduction disturbance in which impulses between the atria and ventricles fail intermittently. Progressively there is a prolongation of PR interval until one impulse is not conducted causing missing qrs

A

Second degree heart block type one

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42
Q

Pr intervals are the same and normal followed by non conduction of one or more impulses. If hr is slowed then CO will decrease

A

Second degree av block mobitz II

43
Q

All impulses are blocked at the av node and none are transmitted to the ventricles. P wave is normal but no relationship with qrs

A

3rd degree av block.. Complete heart block. Considered a medical emergency

44
Q

Wide qrs complex with no p wave

A

PVC

45
Q

Bigeminy

A

Every other beat is a PVC

46
Q

Every third beat is a PVC

A

Trigemony

47
Q

Couplet

A

Two PVC paired together

48
Q

3 or more PVC in a row and which greatly impairs CO

A

Ventricular tachycardia vtach

Medical emergency

49
Q

Quivering of ventricles, no CO

A

Ventricular fibrillation

50
Q

Vtach longer than 30 seconds is life threatening why

A

Because it causes inadequate blood flow and hypotension

Common causes are mi, cardiomyopathy, and valvular disease

51
Q

Flat line ECG symbolic of ventricular standstill with no rhythm

A

Ventricular asystole

52
Q

Earliest sign of acute transmural infraction

A

ST segment elevation

53
Q

Significant marker of infraction; signifies the loss of positive electrical voltages due to necrosis (abnormal if longer than .04 mused or larger than 1/3 the amp of the r wave)

A

Q wave

54
Q

Occurs hours or days after an MI as the result of a delay in repolarization produced by the injury

A

T wave inversion

55
Q

A sign of subendocardial ischemia but can also be due to digitalis toxicity or hypokalemia

A

Sat depression

56
Q

Flat or dull percussion sound

A

Neoplasm or atelectasis or consolidation of the lung

57
Q

Percussion sound from the normal air filled lung

A

Resonance

58
Q

Percussion sound suggests pulmonary emphysema or pneumothorax

A

Hyperresonance

59
Q

Hollowed sound vaguely resembling a drumbeat and occurs almost exclusively with a large pneumothorax

A

Tympany

60
Q

Normal infant pulse

A

100-130 beats per minute

61
Q

Normal child hr

A

80-100 bpm

62
Q

What is the primary indicator of an obstructive impairment

A

FEV1/FVC

63
Q

What conditions cause the FVC to be reduced and the FVC1/fvc to be normal or > 80%

A

Restrictive ventilatory impairment

64
Q

Activity should be stopped if SpO2 is less than what in acutely ill pts?

A

90%

65
Q

Activity should be stopped and a discussion c dr should take place if SpO2 is less than 85% in pts c ?

A

chronic lung disease

66
Q

What is the best index of myocardial oxygen consumption and coronary blood flow, and is fairly accurate at predicting angina and can be used for exercise prescription?

A

Rate pressure product RPP = hr x sbp

67
Q

7 on the original RPE scale

A

Very very light

68
Q

13 on original RPE scale

A

Somewhat hard

13-14 reps about 70 percent of max hr

69
Q

19 on original RPE scale

A

Very very hard

70
Q

3 on the revised RPE scale?

A

Moderate

71
Q

What number range on original RPE scale represents the upper limit of prescribed training hr in early cardiac rehab

A

RPE 11-13

72
Q

Normal inspiration I to Expiration E ratio I:E

A

1:2

73
Q

COPD inspiration to expiration ratio

A

1:3 or 1:4

74
Q

Karvonen formula

A

[(hrmax - hrrest) x intensity ] + hrrest

75
Q

The patient is in a sitting position leaning back in 30 to 40° percussion and vibration or performed above the clavicles

A

Apical segments right and left upper lobe

76
Q

The patient is turned one quarter from prone on the left side with the bed horizontal and the head and shoulders raised on a pillow. Percussion and vibration are perform around the medial border of the right scapula

A

Posterior segment of the right upper lobe

77
Q

The patient is turned one quarter for prone on the right side with the head of bed elevated 45° in the head and shoulders raised on a pillow. Percussion and vibration are performed around the medial border of the left scapula.

A

Posterior segment left upper lobe

78
Q

The patient is turn one quarter from supine on the right side with the foot of the bed elevated 12 inches. Percussion and vibration are performed over the left chest between axilla and the left nipple.

A

Lingula left upper lobe

79
Q

The patient is in supine with the bad horizontal. Percussion a vibration or perform below the clavicles.

A

Anterior segment of the left and right upper lobe.

80
Q

The patient is turned one quarter from supine on the left side with the foot of the bed elevated 12 inches. Percussion and vibration or performed over right chest between the axilla and the right nipple.

A

Right middle lobe

81
Q

The patient is improving with the bed horizontal. Percussion and vibration or perform below the inferior border of the left and right scapula.

A

superior segments left right lower lobes

82
Q

The patient is in supine with the foot of the bed elevated 18 inches. Percussion and vibration are performed over the lower ribs on the left and right side.

A

Anterior basal segment left right lower lobe

83
Q

The patient is in prone with the foot of the bed elevated 18 inches. Percussion and vibration are performed over to lower ribs on the left and right side of the chest.

A

Posterior basal segment left right lower lobe

84
Q

Patient is inside line with the foot of the bed elevated 18 inches. Precaution and vibration performed over to lower ribs.

A

Lateral basal segments lower lobes

85
Q

What sound occurs when inflamed visceral and parietal pleurae rub together?

A

Pleural friction rub

86
Q

What sounds typical represent the movement of fluid or secretions during inspiration or occurs from the move from the sudden opening of clothes airways?

A

Wet and dry crackles - atelectasis, fibrosis, pulmonary edema or pleural effusion

87
Q

What are low pitch sounds that are caused by air passing through an airway which is obstructed by inflammatory secretions are liquid, bronchial spasm or neoplasms?

A

Rhonchi

88
Q

What are high pitched wheeze sounds which indicate upper airway obstruction

A

Stridor

89
Q

What are musical or whistling sound that arise from turbulent airflow and the vibrations of the walls of small airways due to narrowing by bronchospasm, Edema, collapse, secretions, neoplasm or foreign body

A

Wheezing

90
Q

What a breath sounds often produced by pneumonia and they are abnormal breath sounds when heard in locations where vesicular sounds are normally present.

A

Bronchial breath sounds

91
Q

What sounds may indicate severe congestion emphysema or hypo ventilation

A

Decreased for diminished sounds

92
Q

What sounds indicate pneumothorax or lung collapse

A

Absent breath sounds

93
Q

If the person is alkalotic, the respiratory system will try to increase the acidity by ?

A

increasing CO2 by decreasing RR

94
Q

If the person is acidic, the respiratory system will try to decreasing the acidity by ?

A

Increasing RR and thus decreasing PaCo2

95
Q

Pathological sound vibration of the Ventricle walls with ventricular filling and atrial contraction

A

S4

96
Q

Vibrations of the distended ventricle walls due to passive flow of blood from atria during diastole

A

S3

97
Q

Vibrations of longer duration than the heart sounds due to disrupted blood flow past a stenotic or regurgitant valve

A

Murmur

98
Q

How much of a drop in SBP during an exercise stress test would warrant terminating an exercise stress test?

A

10 mm Hg

99
Q

What rating on the RPE scale represents approximately 70% of the max HR during exercise on a treadmill?

A

14/20

100
Q

Tricuspid area

A

4th intercostal space at the left sternal border

101
Q

Pulmonic area

A

2nd intercostal space at the left sternal border

102
Q

Mitral area

A

5th intercostal space, medial to the left mid clavicular line

103
Q

Aortic area

A

2nd intercostal space at the left sternal border

104
Q

ABI of severe blockage suggesting claudication at rest

A

Cardio Pulm (9 decks)

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