Pathology Of The Airways And Lungs

Question 1

A condition in which one or more areas of the lungs collapse or do not inflate properly. Can be caused by conditions that prevent deep breathing and coughing.

Answer 1

Atelectasis

Question 2

A progressive obstructive lung disease that produces abnormal dilation of a bronchus. Associated with chronic infections, aspiration, cf, or immune system impairment. The Bronchial walls weaken over time due to infection and allow for permanent dilation of bronchi and bronchioles. Signs and symptoms include productive cough, hemoptysis, weight loss, anemia, crackles, wheezing, and loud breath sounds

Answer 2

Bronchiectasis

Question 3

Condition with Inflammation of the bronchi characterized by hypertrophy of the mucus secreting glands, increased mucus secretions, and insufficient oxygenation due to mucus blockage.

Answer 3

Bronchitis

Question 4

Condition characterized by a productive cough for three months over the course of two consecutive years

Answer 4

Chronic bronchitis

Question 5

Pt with bronchitis experience a cough that is worse when?

Answer 5

Worse in the morning and in damp weather

Question 6

Rest, fluids, breathing warm and moist air, cough suppressant, and acetaminophen or aspirin is treatment for?

Answer 6

Acute bronchitis

Question 7

Pt with which condition have an increased total lung capacity with significant inc in residual volume

Answer 7

Copd

Question 8

What condition causes the alveoli to become permanently overinflated and dead space to increase within the lungs?

Answer 8

Emphysema

Question 9

1.Inflammation 2.Hyperreactivity of smooth muscle in response to a stimulus 3.Bronchoconstriction

These three characteristics of what disease?

Answer 9

Asthma - reversible obstructive

Question 10

Deep inspiration followed by full expiration?

Answer 10

Fvc

Question 11

An autosomal recessive ( one faulty gene from each parent) genetic disease of the exocrine glands that primarily affects lungs, pancreas, liver, sex organs, intestines, and sinuses.

Answer 11

Cystic fibrosis

Question 12

Salty tasting skin, persistent and productive coughing, frequent lung infections, wheezing, sob, poor growth/weight gain in spite of a good appetite, and frequent greasy, bulky stools.

Answer 12

Cf

Question 13

Build up of fluid btw the visceral and parietal pleura.

Answer 13

Pleural effusion

If build up of fluid is large might need a a chest tube to drain fluid

Question 14

Inflammation of the lungs and alveoli

Answer 14

Pneumonia

Sob, fever, cough, sweating, chest pain fluctuations with breathing, and fatigue

Question 15

Cardiac pulmonary edema cause

Answer 15

Left ventricle is unable to pump blood adequately ie chf

Question 16

Non cardiac pulmonary edema cause

Answer 16

Fluid leaks from the capillaries within the alveoli since the capillaries themselves become more permeable

Question 17

Signs and symptoms of acute pulmonary edema.. Medical emergency (6)

Answer 17

Extreme sob
Bubbly/wheezing sound during breathing
Cough c frothy sputum that may be tingled c blood
Cyanotic skin color
Rapid, irregular pulse
Severe drop in bp

Question 18

A condition in which microscopic damage to the alveoli causes irreversible scarring of the interstitial tissue. Scaring makes the interstitial tissue stiff and thick and the alveoli less flexible making it more diff to breathe

Answer 18

Pulmonary fibrosis

Restrictive disease

Question 19

Doe, non productive cough, inc rr, hypoxemia, dec VC, abnormal breath sounds, reduced exercise tolerance

Answer 19

Restrictive lung dysfunction

Question 20

A sudden respiratory failure due to fluid accumulation in the alveoli. Severe sob develops within a few hours to a few days after the original disease or trauma

Answer 20

Acute respiratory distress syndrome ards