Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Pathology > PT > Flashcards

PT Flashcards

1
Q

What is the stimulation principle for NMES?

A

current induced must be sufficient amplitude and duration to maintain muscle excitement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

With electrically recruited motor fibers, which is recruited first, type I or Type II?

A

Type II Fast twitch fibers d\t larger diametier of neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

With voluntary contraction, whcih motor units are recruited first type or Type II?

A

Type I slow twitch b\c they take longer to fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 things that the muscle force generation is determined by.

A

Type of muscle fibers, number of motor units, and rate coding\temporal summation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

TF: Training uscles w repetitiive contractions of external load will induce muscle fiber hypertrophy.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

4 physiological effects of NMES

A
  1. recruites fast twitch fibers 2. synchronous contraction of fibers
  2. deactivatess GTO 4. increase in metabolic efficiency after immobilization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

As a result of NMES, the muscles have a increased injury potential? Why?

A

A physiologic effect of NMES is to inactivate the GTO, which normally protects the muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Indications for NMES include? 6

A

muscle strengthning, increase ROM, and treatment of disuse dtt atrophy, mscl re education, spasticity management, functional electrical stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the waveform for russian current

A

biphasic, symmetrical, balance, continuous sine wave in bursts of 10 sec on and 50 sec off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the relationship b\t pulses and physiological effects?

A

No relationship, number of pulses in a burst is independent of phys effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the relationship b\tt bursts and physio effects

A

Number of bursts per second determines the magnitude of physio effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the importance of a medium frequency range of sine waves?

A

medium frequency shortens the pulse duration and charge, leading to the skin decreasing resitance and allows deeper pentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the importance of mediu frequency sine waves on nerve stimulation?

A

nerve depolarizes and doesn
t have sufficient time to re polarize, so the nerve is in a constant stae of depolarization, blocking nerve signals. Called Wedinsky Inhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Painlss muscle contraction is supposedly cause by this concept

A

Wedinsky Inhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Overall effects of russian current

A

stronger than voluntary contractions, deeper tissue stimulation, painless, recruits fast twitch motor uits and increases mscl strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Indications for russian current 4

A

Strengthen mscl of healthy individuals, muscle spasm, muscle atrophy, circulatory disorders

17
Q

Major contraindicatio to russian current is

A

situations where contraction is not wanted. fractures, cysts, dislocations, osteoporosis

18
Q

Burst frequency for Russian current, 10 bps, 50 bps, 150 bps 500 bps

A

50 bps

19
Q

When during the day will an athlete see the bestt results from russian current?

A

at night time before bed, 10-25 reps, 20-25 sessions

20
Q

In order for ultrasound to travel, it requires a ?

A

medium liquid, the denser the better

21
Q

Piezoelectrical effect

A

solid materials can be electrically charged when they are mechanically stresssed.

22
Q

Reverse piezoelectrical effect

A

When a high frequency, alternting electrical current is applied on surface of pioelectric materials, a mechanical deformatio occurs in form of oscillations of the material.

23
Q

Ultasonic beam

A

repeated cycles of micro expansion and micro contraction of the piezoelectric material push the surrounding air in alternate waves of compression and rarefaction that produce ultrasonic beam of energy

24
Q

rarefaction=

A

low pressure waves that allow molecules to move further apart

25
Q

compression=

A

high pressure waves that push each molecule together

26
Q

Transducer

A

location where high frequency, alternating current is aplied to th piezoelectric material

27
Q

Ultrasound passes through 3?

A

sound, air, human tissues

28
Q

Difference between longitudinal and transverse waves

A

Longitudinal: direction of motion of molecules is parallell to direction of wave propagation
Transverse: direction of motion of molecules is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation

29
Q

Body tissues transmit only BLANKKK waves where as Bone and solids transmit only BLANKKK

A

Body tissues: Longitudinal

Solids: transverse and longitudinal

30
Q

TF the US beam intensity is homogenous and unifom throughout the beam axis

A

FALSE

31
Q

BLANKK the frequency the BLANKKK the beam diverges

A

Higher the frequency, the less the beam diverges

32
Q

What is the Beam Non uniformity Ratio

A

The ratio of intensity of highest peak to that of the average intensity at all peaks, the lower the BNR the lower the probability of a hot spot during treatment

33
Q

Recommended BNR is: 1:5 1:15 1:3 1: 35

A

1:3

Clinical Pathology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions