Psychotic Disorders Flashcards
What is psychosis?
When an individual experiences a different reality to someone else. The person will not realise they are having a psychotic episode.
What is a hallucination?
Perception of an stimulus in the absence of external stimuli. Can be in any of the 5 senses but is most commonly in the form of second or third person auditory hallucinations
What is a delusion?
Fixed, firmly held belief that is usually false that cannot be reasoned away and is held despite evidence to the contrary. It is out of keeping with a person’s sociocultural norms.
What is a persecutory delusion?
Thought that they are at risk of harm, being threatened, cheated or harrassed
What is a grandiose delusion?
Idea that the person is exceptionally powerful, talented or important
What is a delusion of reference?
A delusion involving certain objects, people or events having great significance
What is a delusion of love (erotomania)?
Delusion that someone of high status is in love with them
What is a delusion of misidentification? (Capgras syndrome and Fregoli syndrome)
Capgras syndrome is when a person believes a familiar person has been replaced with an exact double
Fregoli syndrome is when a person believes a stranger is a familiar person
What is thought insertion?
The delusion that your thoughts are being implanted in your brain from someone else
What is thought withdrawal?
Thoughts are being extracted from one’s head
What is thought broadcasting?
Thoughts are being projected into other people’s mind usually without the person’s consent
What is a formal thought disorder?
A problem with speech so each sentence doesnt follow on from the next.
What is circumstantial speech?
Speech is delayed but does reach a conclusion
What is tangential speech?
Speaker never returns to original point
What are neologisms?
Use of new words created by the patient
What is thought blocking?
Sudden stop to the patient’s flow of speech
What is thought preservation?
Repetition of a word or a phrase
Describe a disorder of the self
The individual cannot distinguish between themselves and the world
What is schizophrenia?
Psychosis disorder which usually presents in young adults and affects their personality over time
What are the 1st rank symptoms of schizophrenia?
Auditory hallucinations (2nd/3rd person auditory)
Thought disorder
Passivity phenomena (bodily sensations controlled by others)
Delusional perceptions
Give examples of negative schizophrenia symptoms?
Loss of emotion Apathy Poverty of thought Social isolation Poor self care
Give examples of positive schizophrenia symptoms?
Delusions
Hallucinations
Thought disorders
How long must symptoms be present for a diagnosis of schizophrenia to be made?
1 month
What is paranoid schizophrenia?
Presents with persecutory, systematised delusions and auditory hallucinations. It is the most common form of schizophrenia.
