Mood Disorders Flashcards
Give 5 potential causes of mood disorders
Genetics Brain disorders (focal lesions of subcortical white matter) Physical illness Childhood experiences View of yourself and the world Personality traits Work Housing Finace Poor relationships
What is the lifetime prevalence for depression?
10-20%
Why is depression more common in women?
Genetic predisposition Sex hormone influences Social pressures More likely to accept feelings and symptoms Comorbid conditions
What are the 3 core symptoms of depression?
Low mood for 2 weeks
Lack of energy
Lack of enjoyment (anhedonia)
What non-core cognitive symptoms may be present in depression?
Decreased self esteem Guilt and self blame Hopelessness Poor concentration/attendance Suicidal thoughts
What non-core somatic symptoms may be present in depression?
Early morning wakening
Increased sleep
Decreased appetite
Weight loss
Loss of libido
Psychomotor retardation
What is the ICD-10 classification of mild depression?
2 core symptoms and 2 others but able to function normally
What is the ICD-10 classification of moderate depression?
2 or 3 core symptoms and 3 or 4 others
What is the ICD-10 classification of severe depression?
3 core symptoms and at least 4 others
When is a psychiatric referral for depression needed?
Not responding to multiple treatments Risk of harm to self or others Need 2nd opinion To access specialist therapies Severely unwell so may need ECT
What is psychotic depression?
Hallucinations and delusions associated with depression. When the depression is worse the psychosis is also worse. The hallucinations are often a 2nd person auditory hallucination where the voice abuses the patient so they are at a high suicide risk
What is dysthymia?
Chronic low mood which does not fit the criteria of depression
What is bipolar disorder?
Episodes of mania or hypomania and episodes of depression.
What is the epidemiology of bipolar disorder?
Around 25 years of age onset
Men and women equally
Give 5 symptoms of hypomania
Mildly elevated Expansive or irritable mood Increased energy Increased self esteem Sociability Talkativeness Increased sex drive Reduced need for sleep Cannot concentrate Lose social inhibition
