Psychotic Disorders Flashcards by Katie Keller

Which psychotic disorder is described below?

“split mind”

Lifelong condition, but can go into remission

A group of characteristic positive and negative symptoms

Deterioration in social, occupation, or interpersonal relationships

Continuous signs of the disturbance for at least 6 months

Schizophrenia

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What are the four A’s of Schizophrenia?

Affect (Inappropriate)

Autistic Thinking

Ambivalence

Associations

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What are the three phases of schizophrenia? Describe each phase.

Prodromal phase - Functional decline that precedes the first psychotic episode, where patient may become socially withdrawn, irritable, have physical complaints, or
newfound interest in religion of the occult

Psychotic phase - Perceptual disturbances, delusions, disordered thought

Residual phase - Occurs between episodes of psychosis, Marked by flat affect, social withdrawal, and odd thinking or behavior

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Diagnosis of schizophrenia:

Symptoms ≥ 6 months

Illness causes significant social or occupational functional deterioration

Not due to substance abuse or a general medical disorder

Two or more of the following for most of 1 month (at least one month):

Delusions
Hallucinations
Disorganized speech
Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
Negative symptoms

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What is the difference between delusions and hallucinations?

Delusions - Strong belief about something despite evidence that the belief is completely false

Hallucinations - Strong sensations that are real only to them, have no outside source

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List some types of delusions

Paranoid (most common)
Persecutory
Referential (gestures aimed at them)
Grandiose
Religious
Control
Somatic

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What is the most common type of delusion?

Paranoid

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List some types of hallucinations

Auditory
Visual
Olfactory
tactile

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Which type of symptom in schizophrenia is more debilitating?

Negative symptoms

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The failure to respond to questions or comments

Can also take the form of slow or delayed responses

Alogia

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Which negative symptom is found in about 2/3 of schizophrenic patients?

Affect flattening

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Inactivity or early loss of interest in ongoing activity

Avolition

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Inability to derive pleasure

Anhedonia

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What is a prominent feature of schizophrenia but is not unique to this illness?

Psychosis

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Neuropsychiatric syndrome that is common among the medically ill
and often is misdiagnosed as a psychiatric illness

Delirium

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An acquired syndrome consisting of a decline in memory and other
cognitive functions

Dementia

Name the types of Schizophrenia

Paranoid
Disorganized
Catatonic
Undifferentiated
Somatic
Residual

Which of the types of schizophrenia is described below?

Most common

Highest functioning

Older age of onset

Non-disorganized state

Delusions

Auditory hallucinations

Relatively normal intellectual functioning and expression of
affect

Can exhibit anger, aloofness, anxiety, and argumentativeness when
they are questioned and perceive they are not believed

Paranoid

Which of the types of schizophrenia is described below?

Speech and behavior (Disorganized and difficult to understand)

display of emotions (Flattened or inappropriate)

More common in older patients

Early onset

Poor functioning

Almost always homeless

Disorganized

Which of the types of schizophrenia is described below?

Rare

Disturbances of movement

Inappropriate or bizarre posturing

Dramatic reduction in activity

Can keep themselves completely immobile or move all over the place

May not say anything for hours or can repeat anything you say or word usage not making sense

Extreme negativism or mutism

Catatonic

Which of the types of schizophrenia is described below?

Hodge-podge

Characterized by some symptoms of all of the previously discussed types

But not enough of any one of them to categorize as a particular type of schizophrenia

Undifferentiated

Which of the types of schizophrenia is described below?

Prominent negative symptoms (minimal evidence of positive symptoms)

Past history of at least one episode of schizophrenia

May represent a transition between a full-blown episode and complete
remission

Or it can continue for years without any further psychosis

Residual

Which of the types of schizophrenia is described below?

Sensations:

“aliens eating insides”

“worms eating brain”

Somatic

Schizophrenia not directly deadly, but high risk for these conditions:

Refuse social contracts

Usually homeless

Usually supported by the state

Hospitalized constantly

Can be unable to care for themselves

Substance and drug abuse

What class of medications is first line for acute and maintenance treatment of schizophrenia?

Antipsychotic therapy

What indicators in schizophrenia tend to have the worst prognosis?

Early onset Poor social support Negative symptoms Family history Male sex Many relapses Poor premorbid functioning

Which of the following psychotic disorder is described below? NOT schizophrenia (Criterion A for Schizophrenia never met) Only the delusional component! How to tell from schizophrenia No negative symptoms, Normal functioning Apart from the impact of delusions, functioning not markedly impaired Not due to mood disorder or substance

Delusional Disorder

What are the types of delusional disorder?

Grandiose (Have special powers) Persecuted (Someone is spying on them) Jealously (Spouse is unfaithful (no evidence)) Somatic (Infestation, Internal parasite, Part of body not functioning, etc) Erotomanic Mixed

Which of the following psychotic disorder is described below? Chronic mental health condition characterized primarily by symptoms of schizophrenia (hallucinations, delusions) and symptoms of a mood disorder (depression, anxiety) Most people often incorrectly diagnosed at first with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia because it shares symptoms of multiple mental health conditions Not well understood or well defined as other mental health conditions, largely because it is a mix of mental health conditions

Schizoaffective Disorder

DSM-IV Criteria describes which psychotic disorder? Meets criteria for MDD or manic episode or mixed episode Additionally has had delusions or hallucinations for at least two weeks in the absence of mood disorder symptoms (=period of time where psychotic symptoms don’t coexist with mood symptoms, otherwise this would be mood disorder with psychotic features) However, mood symptoms are present for substantial portion of psychotic illness Symptoms not attributable to general medical condition or drugs

Schizoaffective Disorder

Which of the following psychotic disorder is described below? The characteristic symptoms of this disorder are identical to those of schizophrenia, but this disorder is distinguished by its duration - The key: timing An episode of the disorder (including prodromal, active, and residual phases) lasts at least one month but less than 6 months

Schizophreniform Disorder

Which of the following psychotic disorder is described below? rare Length: 1 day to month 1 Most commonly from doing drugs Same criteria as schizophrenia except the duration

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Which of the following psychotic disorder is described below? Rare Hallucinations, delusions, mania, and/or depression Waxing and waning delirium Usually within two weeks of childbirth Thought to be a manifestation of bipolar disorder

Postpartum Psychosis

What is required in postpartum psychosis and why?

hospitalization with separation from infant REQUIRED Increased risk of suicide and/or infanticide during psychosis