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pharmacy > psychotherapeutics > Flashcards

psychotherapeutics Flashcards

1
Q

Sedatives & Hypnotics (Barbiturates)

Example

A

Phenobarbital

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2
Q

Sedatives & Hypnotics (Barbiturates)

Action

A

Depresses sensory cortex, alters cerebella functions

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3
Q

Sedatives & Hypnotics (Barbiturates)

Contraindications

A

Pt with hypersensitivity to phenobarbital

dyspnea or airway compromised

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4
Q

Sedatives & Hypnotics (Barbiturates)

Adverse effects

A

hypoventilation
Somnolence (sleepy)
Nausea
Bradycaria

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5
Q 
Anti Anxiety  (Benzo and non Benzo)
Example
A

Diazepam (Benzo) (Acute)

Hydroxyzine (non benzo) (chronic)

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6
Q

Sedatives & Hypnotics (Barbiturates)

use

A

Sedative

manage seizures

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7
Q 
Anti Anxiety  (Benzo and non Benzo)
use
A

Manage anxiety

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8
Q 
Anti Anxiety  (Benzo and non Benzo)
Action
A

Most depress cns

Benzo: binds to benzodiazopam receptors in gaba receptors

Non Benzo: act on the brains dopamine and serotonin receptors

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9
Q 
Anti Anxiety  (Benzo and non Benzo)
Contraindications
A 
Pt w/cns depression or pt w/ severe pain
Glaucoma
Pregnancy D
Impaired liver or kidney
Alcohol dependency
Tricyclic antidepressant
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10
Q 
Anti Anxiety  (Benzo and non Benzo) 
Patient Management
A

Have pt lie down for 30 minutes after taking

use caution with older patients

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11
Q

Anti Depressant

TCA

A

Tricyclic Antidepressants

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12
Q

TCA Action

A

increases level of serotonins by inhibiting the reuptake and block the action of acetylcholine

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13
Q

TCA

Adverse reactions

A 
dry mouth, 
blurred vission 
hypotension
urine retention 
constipation 
orthostatic hypotension
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14
Q

TCA Contraindication

A

hypersnsitivity to TCA

within 14 days of maoi

Following MI

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15
Q

TCA Example

A

Amitriptyline

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16
Q

Anti Depressant MAOI

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ( old version of anti depressants)

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17
Q

MAOI Action

A

inhibits the activity of monoamine oxidase resulting in

increased endogenous neurohormones

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18
Q

MAOI adverse reactions

A 
Food interactions, 
Vertigo
Nausea
Constipation
Dry Mouth
Headache
Over activity (hyper)
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19
Q

MAOI Contraindications

A

CVA disease
Hypertension
CHF
Elderly

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20
Q

MAOI Example

A

Nardil

21
Q

Antidepressant SSRI

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (common)

22
Q

SSRI action

A

increase serotonin by inhibiting neuronal uptake to cns

23
Q

SSRI Adverse reactions

A

Nausea, Vomiting
Sexual dysfunction
Insomnia

24
Q

SSRI Contraindication

A

Fluoxetine is less effective in pt who smokes

25
Q

SSRI Examples

A

Fluoxetine (prozac)

sertraline (zoloft)

26
Q

Anti depressant

SNRI

A

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (similar to adrenalin)

27
Q

Antipsychotic

Action

A

Block dopamine receptors

28
Q

Most antipsychotics exept for haloperidol are what?

A

phenothiazine

29
Q

What medication is a butyrophenone?

A

Haloperidol

30
Q

Second generation like Olanzapine, Clozapine, Quetiapine and risperidone have what?

A

Fewer adverse reactions

31
Q

Antipsychotic use

A

Treatment in acute and chronic psychosis

32
Q

The use of Chlorpromazine is also used to treat what?

A

Intractable hiccups

33
Q

Clozapine is limited to what illness?

A

Schizophrenia

34
Q

Anti Psychotic Adverse effects

A 
Dry Mouth
Hypotension
sedation
photophobia/sensitivity 
headache
Extrapyramidal -parkinsons like sympyoms 
Akathisia Acute
Dystonia acute 
Tardive Dyskinesia
35
Q

What is akathisia?

A

Extreme restlessness

36
Q

What is dystonia?

A

Facial grimacing and twisting of the neck

37
Q

What is Tardive dyskinesia

A

Irreversible involuntary dyskinetic movements, rhythmic movements of the tongue and mouth

38
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is mainly seen with what medication?

A

Haloperidol

Requires intensive symptomatic treatment

39
Q

Antipsychotic contraindications

A

Severely depressed

Hypotension

40
Q

Antipsychotic patient management

A

Assess deviation from normal
poor eye contact
Monotone

41
Q

Antipsychotic examples

A

Prochlorperazine

Haloperidol

42
Q

CNS Stimulants

Sub class

A

Amphetamines and anorexiants

43
Q

CNS Stimulant action

A

Produce CNS stimulation by increasing levels of neurotransmitters in the CNS
Produce CNS and respiratory stimulation, dilated pupils, increased motor activity and mental alertness, and a diminished sense of fatigue.

In children with ADHD these agents decrease restlessness and increase attention span

44
Q

CNS Stimulant use

A

The treatment of narcolepsy and as adjunctive treatment in the management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

45
Q

CNS Stimulant Adverse reactions

A 
Headache,
dizziness,
 apprehension
Over stimulation of the CNS
 Insomnia, 
tachycardia,
 blurred vision,
 blurred vision
46
Q

CNS Stimulant Contraindication

A 
Moderate to severe, Hypertension,
 stroke
Glaucoma
Hypersensitivity to Amphetamines:
Risk of physical dependence
47
Q

CNS Patient management

A

Take the drug in the morning 30-45 minutes before breakfast and before lunch.

Insomnia and anorexia usually disappear during continued therapy.

May be given on only school days.

Do NOT increase the dose or take the drug more frequently.

Decrease coffee or caffeine.

48
Q

CNS stimulant examples

A

Methylphenidate HCL: Concerta (amphetamine)

Dextroamphetamine: Adderall (amphetamine)

Phentermine: Ionamin (anorexiant )

pharmacy (8 decks)

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