Pain Flashcards
Local anesthetic
Action
inhibit transport of ions across neuronal membranes
Ketamine action
produces a cataleptic-like state in which the patient is dissoviated from the surrounding environment by action on cortex and limbic system
How long does IM anesthetic take to take effect
3-4 minutes
Ketamine adverse reaction
CNS :prolonged emergence
Hullicinations
Ketamine contraindication
hypersensitivity
scenerios where hypertension would be dangerous
Ketamine patient management
continous vitals monitoring
ketamine iv dose pain
10-20mg
Ketamine anesthesia dose iv
1-2mg/kg
Ketamine IM dose
20-40mg
Salicylate action
inhibits prostaglandins and dilates blood vessels
Salicylate use
Mild to moderate pain
reduction of temp
inflammatory conditions
decrease risk of MI
Salicylate adverse effects
May cause Reye syndrome in children with chicken pox
Gastric upset, heartburn, nausea vomiting and GASTRO BLEEDING
Salicylate contraindications
bleeding disorder
preg(D)
Salicylate example
Aspirin
Non-Salicylate action
analgesic and antipyretic
Non-Salicylate use
mild to moderate pain
antipyretic
arthritis
Non-Salicylate adverse effects
hepatoxicity
Non-Salicylate contraindications
Hepatoxicity
Pregnancy (B)
Non-Salicylate patient management
assess for alcohol use
Non-Salicylate examples
Acetaminophen
Nsaids Action
inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase (cox1 and cox2 non selective) or Cox 2 selective) which is responsible for prostaglandin synthesis
NSAIDS use
mild to moderate pain
Fevers
Dysmenorrhea
Nsaids contraindications
Celecoxib allergy to sulfonamides
Ibuprofen Peptic ulcers, GI bleed, hypertension
NSAIDS patient management
stop if prolonged bleeding or dark stools
Long term use can cause gi bleed
take with food or milk
