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pharmacy > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Aerobic

A

need oxygen to survive

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2
Q

anaerobic

A

do not need oxygen

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3
Q

anti bacterial

A

active against bacteria

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4
Q

bacterial resistant

A

ability to produce substances that inactivate or destroy the impact of a drug

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5
Q

bacteriostatic

A

Drugs that slow or retard the multiplication of bacteria

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6
Q

cross sensitive

A

allergy to drugs in the same or related group

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7
Q

Broad spectrum

A

drugs effective of gram negative and gram positive bacteria

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8
Q

normal flora

A

non pathogenic microorganism within or on the body

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9
Q

super infection

A

an overgrowth of bacteria or fungal microorganism not affected by the antibiotic being used for treatment

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10
Q

The effectiveness of individual antibiotics depend on these 3 factors

A

The location of the infection

ability of the antibiotic to reach the site of infection

ability of the bacteria to resist or inactivate the drug

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11
Q

Sulfonamides Action

A

Slows the multiplication enough that bodys immune system is able to rid the bacteria

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12
Q

Sulfonamides

Adverse reactions

A

Decrease in WBC, Platelets and RBC

Photosensitivity(easy burned)

Anorexia

Stephens Johnsons syndrome

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13
Q

Sulfonamides should be used cautiously for g6pd pts because it can cause what condition?

A

Hemolysis ( Dose Related)

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14
Q

using Sulfonamides you should consider what other allergy?

A

Sulphur allergies

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15
Q

Examples of other drugs containing sulfonamide chemical group?

A

Celecoxib
Glyburide
Furosemide
Acetazolamide

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16
Q

Sulfonamides Contraindications

A

Do not use near end of pregnancy( can cause significant blood levels)

Use with caution with asthma patients

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17
Q

Sulfonamides example

A

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole(bactrim)

Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene TOPICAL)

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18
Q

Sulfonamides uses

A

urinary track infections, MRSA and burns

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19
Q

Penicillins Actions

A

Prevents bacteria from using a substance that is necessary for the maintenance of the bacteria’s outer wall

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20
Q

Penicillins use

A 
UTI
Gonorrhea 
Pneumonia 
otitis media 
sinusitis 
strep
tonsillitis 
meningitis 
abdominal infections
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21
Q

Penicillins Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to PCN and Cephalosporin meds

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22
Q

Penicillins adverse reactions

A

Mild nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sore tongue, or mouth

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23
Q

PNC Ecamples

A

Pen VK
Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin/clavulanate (augmentin)

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24
Q

Cephalosporines Action

A

Affect the bacterial cell wall (similar to PNC)

25
Q

Cephalosporines USE

A 
infections caused by
 Strep,
staph,
Citrobacter,
 gonocci,
 Chigella,
Clostridia
26
Q

Cephalospines adverse reactions

A

GI disturbances like nvd

27
Q

Cephalosporines contraindication

A

allergy to cephalosporin or PNC

28
Q

Cephalosprines 1st gen examples

A

Cephalexin(keflex)

Cefazolin(ancef)

29
Q

Cephalosprines 2nd gen examples

A

Cefaclor
Cefprozil
Cefoxitin

30
Q

Cephalosprines 3rd gen example

A

Ceftriaxone (Rocephrin)

31
Q

Tetracyclines action

A

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis necessary for reproduction

32
Q

Tetracycline uses

A

Treatment of rickettsia(RMSF, Typhus and Tick Fever)

Skin and soft tissue infections when PCN is contraindicated

33
Q

Tetracycline adverse reactions

A

Upset Gastrointestinal tracks, Photosensitivity

Can cause permanent discoloration to the teeth for children under 9.

34
Q

Tetracycline contraindication

A

Pregnancy class D

35
Q

Tetracycline Example

A

Doxycycline

36
Q

Macrolides Action

A

Bind to cell membrane and causes changes in protein synthesis

37
Q

Macrolides uses

A

Community acquired pneumonia
H Pylori
Alternative to PCN for strep throat

38
Q

What do you combine to treat H Pylori

A

Clarithromycin with amoxicillin and a PPI

39
Q

Macrolides adverse reactions

A

GI upset

40
Q

Macrolides contraindication

A

Liver disease

41
Q

Macrolides example

A

Azithromycin (ZPAK)
Erythromcin (Eye ointment)

Clarithromycin

42
Q

Fluoroquinolones Action

A

interfere with an enzyme needed by bacteria for synthesis of dna. Prevents cell reproduction leading to death.

43
Q

Fluoroquinolones USE

A

LRI
Atypical pneumonia
std
uti

44
Q

Fluoroquinolones Adverse reactions

A

Super infections
Pain inflamation and rupture of tendona
Photosensitive
Colitis

45
Q

Fluoroquinolones Contraindications

A

Children younger than 18
Pregnancy cat C
History of seizures

46
Q

Fluoroquinolones Examples

A

Ciprfloxacin : Cipro

Levofloxacin: Levaquin

47
Q

na

A

na

48
Q

Aminoglycosides use

A

Primary gram negative

GI Infections

49
Q

Aminoglycosides Adverse reactions

A

nephrotocicity
ototoxicity
neurotoxicity

50
Q

Aminoglycosides Contraindications

A

Long term therapy
pre existing hearing loss
During lactation
Pregnancy Cat D

51
Q

Aminoglycosides Examples

A

Gentamicin

Neomycin

52
Q

Carbapenems Action

A

Inhibits cell wall synthsis by binding to penicillin binding proteins which inhibit final step in cell wall synthesis

53
Q

Aminoglycosides Use

A

Severe drug resistan infections

Hospital acquired pneumonia , Prosthetic joint infections, necrotizing soft tissue infection and pyelonephritis

54
Q

Aminoglycosides adverse reactions

A

Seizuere, renal failure or C diff

55
Q

Aminoglycosides Contraindications

A

Seizure disorder
Stevens- Johnsons disorder
Renal Impairment

56
Q

Aminoglycosides Examples

A

Ertapenem

57
Q

Lincosamide action

A

Decrease adherence of bacteria to host cell by disrupting protein synthesis and changing cell wall surface

58
Q

Lincomycin Example

A

Clindamycin

59
Q

Amebacide, Antiprotozoal, Nitoimidazole Example

A

Metronidazole

pharmacy (8 decks)

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