Psychosocial Theories Lesson 1 Flashcards
Who produced the stress and injury model
Williams & Andersen
Its job is to balance the agressive and pleasure seeking drives
ego
In this theory, each levels of mental life coincides with its privinces of the mind
Freud’s Psychoanalytic processes
Ego operates at what level
conscious
Superego operates at what level
preconscious
ID operates at what level
unconscious
executive mediating between ID impulses and SUPEREGO inhibitions
ego
rational and testing reality
ego
things we are aware of
ego
compromise
ego
ideals and morals
superego
striving for perfection
superego
incorporated from parents
superego
becoming a person’s conscience
superego
opposite of id
superego
something we are aware of, but not too much
superego
basic impulses
id
seeking immediate gratification
id
irrational and impulsive
id
id is always negative. true or false
false
when the scale is out of balance, it is the responsibility of what to mediate the conflict
ego
weak ego leads to
anxiety
to protect ego from anxiety, we use
defense mechanisms
the time when our EGO does not meet demands of reality
ego defense mechanism
5 ego defense mechanism
Sublimation
Displacement
Repression
Regression
Projection
supression of unwanted impulses by substituting it with a creative cultural accomplishment
sublimation
According to Freud, this is just but natural for a human
Psychosexual nature
When we speak about sexual desires → we always
view it as negative that’s why there is an expectancy to hide it because there are certain factors (e.g. religion, culture, society) that dictate that it is wrong or negative
Paychosexual nature
Type of defense mechanism
Nung nasa seminaryo si sir, nakita niya classmate
naglilinis ng kwarto at 11 30PM, so he can just easily sublimate the unwanted impulses
sublimation
Redirecting unacceptable urges to less threatening people or objects
displacement
You are trying to displace the feelings (anger) to something that is less threatening
displacement
Type of defense mechanism
During in an examination, kunwari nakita mo yung grade mo na bumaba tapos nafrustrate ka → dahil sa sobrang frustrated mo bigla mong sinipa mo yung silya, tinapon ipad mo
displacement
When the EGO is threatened, it unconsciously forgets or block unpleasant feelings
repression
There are situations that we want to hide it
repression
Type of defense mechanism
child, who faced abuse by a parent, later has no memory of the events but has trouble forming relationships
repression
The EGO may revert back to an earlier state during times of anxiety or something that is negative
regression
we regress instead of
progress
type of defense mechanism
Due to a pressure in college, man starts to suck his thumb again – childhood habit
regression
Attributing the unwanted impulse to another person
projection
It is something that we want for ourselves but we can’t simply accept it because there are factors that prevent us to do so
projection
type of defense mechanism
May vinolunteer kang kaklase mo sa charity kasi ayaw mong ikaw yung magvolunteer
projection
In the Psychoanalytical school, Sigmund Freud’s construction of self and personality makes the physical body?
the core of human experience
5 psychosexual stages of personality development
oral stage
anal stage
phallic stage
latent stage
genital stage
Oral stage
birth to 1.5 yrs
anal stage
1.5-3yrs
phallic stage
4-5 yrs
latent stage
5 years - puberty
genital stage
puberty
erogenous zone of oral
mouth
Innate pleasure-seeking energy is focused on the mouth
oral stage
erogenous zone of anal
bowel and bladder control
witholding or expelling feces derives great pleasure
anal stage
erogenous zone of phallic stage
genitals
Children become increasingly aware of their bodies
phallic stage
erogenous zone of latent
libido inactive
little or no sexual motivation present
latent
erogenous zone of genital stage
genitals
Gratifying activities: sexual, heterosexual relation-
ships & masturbation
genital
Freud believed that sexual impulses are
repressed, leading to a period of relative calm as the individual’s focus shifts to other pursuits
genital stage
examples of psychological fixations
oral fixation
anal
phallic
Smoking, gum-chewing, nail-biting
oral fixation
Orderliness,obsessiveness,rigidity
anal fixation
Vanity,exhibitionism,pride,sexually aggressive
phallic fixations
ABCs of behavior
Antecedents
Behavior
Consequence
before the behavior happens
antecedents
When addressing a difficult behavior first we look
at what is happening before the behavior takes
place
antecedents
Present of stimuli / triggers that inspire us to do certain things → might really have a specific impact on how we behave
antecedents
5 under antecedents
organic causes
emotion state
thoughts
environment
social relationships
relating to medical factors such as brain injury or impairments relating to physical behavioral, communication or cognitive abilities
organic causes
The individual’s happiness, sadness, anxiety,
depression
emption state
How we view ourselves and others
thoughts
What surrounds us (including the noise,
temperature, activities, space)
environment
How we interact with others in our
environment
social relationships
Defined by the way in which people act towards others
behavior
Common behaviors seek support for include:
escaping
agression
avoidance
Running aways, climbing
escaping
Kicking, punching, screaming, biting
agression
Withdrawal, picky eating
avoidance
It is on how we respond
behavior
After the Behavior Happens
consequence
these are what happens once the
behaviorhasoccurred
consequence
can either increase or reduce the likelihood of the behavior happening again
consequence
For the reinforcement of the behavior
operant conditioning
introduced to increase a behavior
rewards
introduced to decrease a behavior
punishment
4 basic response consequences (draw)
positive stimuli:
Present- positive reinforcement ( strengthens behavior)
Remove- extinction (weakens) Response cost punishment (weakens)
Aversive stimuki:
Present- Punishment (supresses and weakens)
Remove- Negative Reinforcement ( strengthens)
