psychosocial older adult week 6 Flashcards
delirium (acute confusional state)
considered a medical emergency
progress to changes in LOC, irreversible brain damage, death
stupor, excessive activity, mixed
delirium s/s
disorganized thought hallucinations fear anxiety paranoia
delirium causes
physical illness surgery medication/alcohol dehydration infection head trauma
delirium prevention
therapeutic activities reorientation early mobilization pain mgmt prevent sleep deprivation maintain O2 levels minimize psychoactive meds
delirium tx
mgmt of pt safety discontinue nonessential meds monitor nutrition, i&O calm environment encourage visits
dementia
cognitive, functional, behavioral changes
slow, subtle progression
most common type is Alzheimer’s
Alzheimer’s disease
not a normal aging process
6th leading cause of death in older adults
2 types: familial (early onset) and sporadic (late onset)
age is greatest risk factor
Alzheimer’s s/s
forgetfulness + memory loss repeat stories/questions deterioration of speaking skills depression, paranoia, hostility, combative assistance required for ADLs
Alzheimer’s diagnosis
only confirmed w autopsy
depression can mimic early AD
CT and MRI used for exclusion
Alzheimer’s medical mgmt
donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine tartrate (Excelon)
behavioral therapy
Alzheimer’s nursing mgmt
physical safety reduce anxiety, agitation promote rest, nutrition, socialization, independence for ADLs improve communication support caregivers
forms of elder abuse
neglect/abandonment physical psychosocial/emotional sexual financial exploitation
pseudobulbar effect
inappropriate or exaggerated emotional expression
sign of AD, ALS, parkinson, tbi, stroke
geriatric triad
cognitive changes
falls
incontinence
