Psychosis & Schizophrenia Flashcards
Name 7 causes of psychosis
Organic Cause Space Occupying Lesion Infection Drug Induced Schizophrenia Depression with Psychoses Mania
What are Scheidners 1st rank symptoms of Schizophrenia?
- 3rd person auditory hallucinations
- Thought insertion, withdrawal or broadcast (alienation)
- Delusional Perceptions
- Delusions of control
- Somatic Passivity
What is needed for an ICD 10 diagnosis of schizophrenia?
1 clear cut symptom or 2-3 less clear cut symptoms for 1 month.
What are some less clear cut symptoms of Schizophrenia?
Overvalued idea Catatonia Incongruity of affect or emotional response Apathy Blunting affect
What are risk factors for Schizophrenia?
GENETICS Neurodevelopmental hypothesis Winter births and influenza Cannabis in adolescence Severe child abuse or bullying Socioeconomic deprivation Urbanity Life events immediately before
What are the neurochemical changes in Psychosis?
Dopamine excess and overactivity in mesolimbic pathways.
Why does amphetamine cause psychosis?
Causes dopamine release
What is Hebephrenic Schizophrenia?
Fluctuating affect Early Onset Irresponsible behaviour Fleeting hallucinations and delusions Incongruous mood and affect
What is Catatonic Schizophrenia?
Rigidity Echolalia Posturing Echopraxia (copy behaviours) Psychomotor disturbances
What is redisual schizophrenia?
History of full schizophrenia, but only negative and cognitive symptoms remaining
What is Simple Schizophrenia?
RARE
Negative symptoms only with no psychosis
What are the negative symptoms in Schizophrenia?
Apathy
Lack of emotion
Poor social functioning
Poverty of speech
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Delusions
Hallucinations
Racing thoughts
What is psychosis?
Severe mental disorder such that thoughts and emotions are so impaired that they have lost contact with external reality
When does puerpural psychosis hit?
Suddenly, 2 weeks after delivery
What is Paranoid schizophrenia?
Delusions and Auditory Hallucinations
What is schizoaffective disorder?
Affective and Schizophrenia in equal prominence so must be treated for both.
Name 5 atypical antipsychotics
Clozapine Risperidone Quetiapine Olanzapine Aripiprazole
What is the mechanism of action of atypicals?
5HT2A and D2 antagonists (Dopamine and Serotonin antagonist) meaning they treat positive AND negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
What are indications for poor prognosis in schizophrenia?
Gradual onset
What are indicators for good prognosis in schizophrenia?
Rapid Onset
No FH
Education
Stressful life event trigger
Which is the most effective Atypical?
Clozapine
Which atypicals cause the most weight gain and metabolic SEs
Olanzapine
Clozapine
Which atypical causes fewest SEs and is available as a depot?
Risperidone
