Psychopathology Flashcards
What’s an obsessional thought?
Intrusive thought/feeling
What’s compulsion?
Performing ritual/behaviour
4 definitions of abnormality
1 deviation from social norms
2 deviation from ideal mental health
3 failure to function adequately
4 statistical infrequency
Notes on deviation from social norms
• explicit (written rules) e.g. laws
•implicit (unwritten rules) e.g. expectations
SEARAP for deviation from ideal mental health
Self-actualisation
Environmental mastery
Accurate perception of reality
Resistance to stress
Autonomy
Positive self-esteem
UUMVOID for failure to function adequately
Unpredictability
Unconventiality
Maladaptiveness
Violation of ideal standards
Observer discomfort
Irrationality
Distress (personal)
How is statistical infrequency measured?
IQ test
2 forms of CBT treatment for depression
Cognitive and behavioural
How to treat depression (CBT cognitive)
By identifying and altering the faulty or irrational thinking process effecting the client
How to treat depression (CBT behavioural)
Identifying and altering the dis functional behaviour leading to depression
Techniques to treat depression
(CBT behavioural)
• behavioural activation - find things client used to like doing and overcome thoughts that stop them from doing it
• graded homework assignment - increasingly challenging new ways of thinking & behaving
• thought catching - diary or thoughts & therapist challenges
• challenge negative thinking - ask questions which challenges client’s negative thoughts
Ellis’ Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (ABC-DE)
(A) action occurs
(B) beliefs
(C) consequences
(D) disrupting irrational thoughts
(E) expected - new beliefs emerged
3 steps of systematic desensitisation
• train client to relax
• hierarchy of fear
• gradual exposure
How long does systematic desensitisation usually take?
6-8 sessions
What is flooding?
Massive exposure to phobia with no opportunity to escape. Overwhelming clients senses with phobia.
No relaxation techniques.
