Psychoneuroimmunology Flashcards
What are the two pathways that connect the CNS to the immune system?
Direct via neuron
Indirect via neuroendocrine
What are the neuropeptides that are released with stress in the brain?
Catecholamines
GABA
ACh
Serotonin
How does stress lead the CNS to alter the immune system?
Stress will cause the release of neuropeptides that stimulate the release of CRH from the hypothalamus leading to pituitary release of ACTH which triggers adrenal cortisol release to affect the immune system.
What is bone marrow primarily stimulated by?
Noradrenergic fibers (NE)
What is the thymus primarily stimulated by?
Noradrenergic fibers (NE) Cholinergic fibers (ACh) Peptidergic
What is the spleen primarily stimulated by?
Noradrenergic fibers (NE)
What are the lymph nodes primarily stimulated by?
Noradrenergic fibers (NE) Peptidergic
How do splanchnics control the immune system?
They innervate the adrenal medulla and control catecholamine release which can directly affect the immune system.
What is the effect of cortisol on the immune system?
It is anti-inflammatory.
Reduces cytokines, T /B cell reactivity and NK cell reactivity
What is the effect of E and NE on the immune system?
Increases leukocyte mobilization and NK cell activity
What is the effect of beta endorphins and enkephalins on the immune system?
Increase T cell reactivity and NK cell activity
What is stress?
Stress is conceptualized as either a physical stimulus (i.e., stressor) or a response (i.e., stress response).
Where do endorphins come from?
They are a split part of POMC
What are endorphins like? Hormones or NTs?
Hormones
What are enkephalins like? Hormones or NTs?
NTs