Psychology Test #5 Flashcards
Psychiatrists and psychologist label behavior as disordered when it is:
deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional
According to the medical model, psychological disorders are:
sicknesses that need to be diagnosed and cured
A fundamental problem with the diagnostic labeling of psychologically disordered behaviors is that the labs often:
bias our perceptions of the labeled person
Rishi, a college student, complains that he feels apprehensive and fearful most of the time but doesn’t know why. Without warning, his heart begins to pound, his hands get icy, and he breaks out in a cold sweat. Rishi most likely suffers from a(n):
generalized anxiety disorder
Cecil is preoccupied with thoughts of jumping out the window of his tenth-floor apartment. In order to reduce his anxiety, he frequently counts his heartbeats aloud. Cecil would most likely be diagnosed as experiencing a(n):
obsessive-compulsive disorder
In comparison to generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder is characterized by periods of distress that are:
more intense and less prolonged
Disruptions in concious awareness and sense of identity are most characteristic of ____________ disorders.
dissociative
An antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by:
a lack of guilt feelings
Anthony is 32 years old, well above average in intelligence, and quite charming. He has swindled several elderly people out of their life savings, and he seems too have little feeling for his victims, no does he fear the consequences of getting caught. His behavior is evidence of:
a personality disorder
A major depressive disorder is most likely to be characterized by:
feelings of personal worthlessness
Cognitive changes that accompany depression include an:
increased expectation of negative outcomes
Which perspective suggests that depression is a reaction to loss and the internalization of unresolved anger toward parents?
psychoanalytic
Abnormally low levels of neurotransmitter serotonin are associated with:
depression
Jabar, a 25-year-old auto mechanic, thinks he is Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the mental hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from:
Schizophrenia
One of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia is:
an expressionless face
Although Mrs. Petrides usually sits passively in a motionless stupor, she sometimes repetitiously shaker her head or waves her arms. She most likely suffers from
catatonia
Dopamine overactivity appears to be most clearly related to:
hallucinations
Research on the causes of schizophrenia strongly suggest that:
there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia
The first psychological therapy was introduced by:
Sigmund Freud
When Molly told her therapist about her frightening car accident, the therapist instructed her to close her eyes and verbalize any further thought stimulated by this experience, even if they were scary or embarrassing. The therapist was making use of a technique known as:
free association
During psychotherapy, Leon would begin to stutter whenever he began discussing personally sensitive thoughts. Sigmund Freud would have been likely to interpret this stuttering as:
resistance
Humanistic therapists are likely to teach clients to:
take more responsibility for their own feelings and actions
When Mary told his therapist, “I came to see what you could do for me,” the therapist responded, “It sounds like you’re feeling you need some help. Am I right?” The therapist’s response illustrates the technique of:
active listening
The healing power of insight and self-awareness is least likely to be emphasized by _________ therapists.
behavior
Benny’s mother tries to reduce his fear of sailing by giving the 3-year-old his favorite candy as soon as they board the boat. The mother’s strategy best illustrates:
counterconditioning
In 1924, Mary Cover Jones reported that 3-year-old Peter lost his fear of rabbits when one was repeatedly presented while he was eating a tasty snack. This episode best illustrated the potential usefulness of:
exposure therapies
Jonathan is afraid to ask a girl for a date, so his therapist instructs him to relax and simply imagine he is reaching for a telephone and then calling a potential date. The therapist’s technique best illustrates the process of:
systematic desensitization
In programs to treat alcoholism, clients consume alcohol that contains a nausea-producing drug. The therapist is using a technique known as:
aversive conditioning
When Rubin received a well-deserved job promotion, he told his therapist it was just a lucky break. The therapist responded, “Let’s work together, Rubin, on helping you see that you deserve some credit for your successes.” The approach taken by the therapist is most representative of:
cognitive therapy
An integrated therapy that aims to modify both self-defeating thinking and maladaptive actions is known as:
cognitive-behavior therapy
Dr. Miller prescribes drugs for the treatment of chronic depression and she encourages rest and relaxation training for clients suffering from excessive anxiety. It is most likely that Dr. Miller is a:
psychiatrist
Melissa suffers from auditory hallucinations and falsely believes that her former high school teachers are trying to killer her. Melissa’s symptoms are most likely to be relieved by _______ drugs.
antipsychotic
