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Psychology Chapter 1 > Psychology Test 1 > Flashcards

Psychology Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Psychology is most accurately defined as _____
A

The science of using observations of behavior to infer mental processes ( thoughts and Behaviors)

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2
Q
  1. The field of psychology is concerned with the scientific study of _____
A

Behaviors and mental process

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3
Q
  1. ____ is the study of how we perceive information, how we learn and remember, how we acquire and use language, and how we solve problems
    i. Social Psychology
    ii. Cognitive Psychology
    iii. Clinical Psychology
    iv. Educational Psychology
A

ii. Cognitive Psychology

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4
Q
  1. ____ studies the links among brain, mind, and behavior
    i. Social psychology
    ii. Industrial psychology
    iii. Behavioral Neuroscience
    iv. Developmental Psychology
A

iii. Behavioral Neuroscience

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5
Q
  1. Which of the following early approaches to psychology focused on why and how people think and feel
    i. Structuralism
    ii. Functionalism
    iii. Socialism
    iv. Behaviorism
A

ii. Functionalism

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6
Q
  1. In Experimental research the ____ Variable is the variable that is manipulated by the experimenter
    i. Independent
    ii. Dependent
    iii. Operational
    iv. Random
A

i. Independent

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7
Q
  1. When considering the Mind body puzzle ancient philosophers argued that the mind is not separate form the body would belong to which philosophical position
A

Monism

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8
Q
  1. The statement “Answers to the great questions of psychology will ultimately be found in physiology all behavior all experience all feeling indeed all the subject matter all of psychology are nothing more than the outcomes of the activity of the nervous system that is most consistent with which of the following views…
A

Monist Point of View

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9
Q
  1. With regard to specific meanings of the term sensation and perception studies of subliminal stimuli have reviled that subliminal stimuli are
    i. both sensed and perceived
    ii. Neither sensed nor perceived
    iii. Perceived but not sensed
    iv. Sensed but not perceived
A

iii. Perceived but not sensed

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10
Q
  1. Freud psychoanalytic theory has been
    i. Consistently supported by modern science
    ii. Consistently rejected by modern science
    iii. Generally ignored by modern science
    iv. Generally has inspired modern science
A

iv. Generally has inspired modern science

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11
Q
  1. Visual receptors in the eyes called _____ function best in dim lighting and are primarily brightness receptors
    i. Cones
    ii. Rods
    iii. Ganglion cells
    iv. Fovea
A

ii. Rods

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12
Q
  1. ______ is the study of how we Perceive information, Learn and remember, Acquire and use language, Solve problems
A

i. Cognitive Psychology

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13
Q
  1. The absolute threshold is defined as the lowest intensity at which a stimulus can be detected black of the time
    i. 100%
    ii. 75%
    iii. 66%
    iv. 50%
A

iv. 50%

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14
Q
  1. The rapid shift of the neurons electrical potential from negative 70 millivolts to positive 40 millivolts is call
    i. Polarization
    ii. An action potential
    iii. Resting potential
    iv. Hyperpolarization
A

ii. An action potential

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15
Q
  1. When a neuron is stimulated tiny protein structures embedded in the cell membrane called ______ are activated and pump specific ions back and forth thus chancing the overall potential of the neuron
    i. Ion Channels
    ii. Action potentials
    iii. Neurotransmitters
    iv. Glial cells
A

i. Ion Channels

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16
Q
  1. What is the effect of the myelin sheath on the conduction of the neural impulse or action potential
    i. Decrease the speed of electrical conduction
    ii. Increase the speed of electrical conduction
    iii. Have no effect on the speed of electrical conduction
    iv. Are responsible for the refractory period after a neuron has fired
A

ii. Increase the speed of electrical conduction

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17
Q
  1. Axon is to dendrite as
    i. anion is to Graded potential
    ii. Send is to Receive
    iii. Polarize is to depolarize
    iv. Resting potential is to action potential
A

ii. Send is to Receive

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18
Q
  1. The young Helmholtz trichromatic theory of color vision is at least able to explain which of the following
    i. Our ability to see an after image
    ii. Our ability to see the color red
    iii. Our ability to detect a subliminal image
    iv. Our ability to see the color blue
A

i. Our ability to see an after image

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19
Q
  1. The resting potential of the typical neuron is determined by…
A

i. The negative charge of the inside of the neuron has to do with the fact that there’s more negative stuff inside than outside ( positive stuff is outside the neuron)

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20
Q
  1. Inattentional blindness refers to…
    i. purposefully not paying attention to unpleasant stimuli
    ii. The failure of unattended stimuli to register in consciousness
    iii. The failure of a stimulus to be perceived because the light from the stimulus falls on the blind spot of the retina
    iv. The inability to pay attention to more than two stimuli at a time
A

ii. The failure of unattended stimuli to register in consciousness

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21
Q
  1. Which of the following are among the functions affected by the hypothalamus
    i. Mating fleeing fighting and feeding
    ii. Fine muscle control
    iii. Respiration and heart rate
    iv. alerting the higher brain centers that sensory information is about to come in
A

i. Mating fleeing fighting and feeding

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22
Q
  1. The primary job of the amygdala is to…
    i. Organize emotional response patterns particularly aggression and fear
    ii. Create ad store memories
    iii. Regulate body temperature and sexual behavior
    iv. Regulate heart rate and respiration
A

i. Organize emotional response patterns particularly aggression and fear

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23
Q
  1. The two major divisions of the peripheral nervous system are which of the following
    i. Afferent or efferent
    ii. Sympathetic or parasympathetic
    iii. Somatic or parasympathetic
    iv. Somatic and autonomic
A

iv. Somatic and autonomic

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24
Q
  1. Jason the psychologist who is actively researching interactions of people on social networking sites and he wants to find out if a person can get addicted to social networking … what kind of psychologist is Jason
    i. Personality psychologist
    ii. Cognitive psychologist
    iii. Developmental psychologist
    iv. Clinical psychologist
A

iv. Clinical psychologist

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25
Q
  1. Which of the following types of psychologists is most likely to conduct research on how reasoning skills or emotional skills change with age
    i. Educational psychologists
    ii. Developmental psychologist
    iii. Behavioral psychologist
    iv. Clinical psychologist
A

ii. Developmental psychologist

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26
Q
  1. Which of the following questions is most likely to be discussed by a social psychologist
    i. Why are behaviors modified by environmental situations
    ii. How does the presence of other people change an individuals thoughts feelings or perceptions
    iii. How do people visualize objects in their minds
    iv. How does parent infant bonding affect adult relationships
A

ii. How does the presence of other people change an individuals thoughts feelings or perceptions

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27
Q
  1. “An empirical objective science of behavior that has no need for the theories of mind or personal freedom and quote characterizes which of the following
    i. Gestalt
    ii. Structuralism
    iii. Behaviorism
    iv. Humanistic
A

iii. Behaviorism

28
Q
  1. The independent variable is the ________ and the dependent variable is the _______
    i. Experiment/cause
    ii. Cause/effect
    iii. Effect/correlation
    iv. Experiment/correlation
A

ii. Cause/effect

29
Q
  1. Salma views a famous impressionist painting that is hung on a wall her _____ sends signals from her brain to coordinate fine muscles in her eye to focus on parts of the painting
    i. Motor neuron
    ii. Sensory neuron
    iii. Mirror neuron
    iv. Interneuron
A

i. Motor neuron

30
Q
  1. _____ lies directly in front of the ______
    i. Primary visual cortex and auditory cortex
    ii. Auditory cortex and somatosensory cortx
    iii. Somatosensory cortex and motor cortex
    iv. Motor cortex and somatosensory cortex
A

iv. Motor cortex and somatosensory cortex

31
Q
  1. _____ is responsible for the left and right hemispheres of the brains ability to communicate back and forth with each other
A

i. Corpus Callosum

32
Q
  1. Children and teenagers ac more impulsively that adults partially because they’re _____ are not fully developed
    i. Parietal lobes
    ii. Frontal lobes
    iii. Temporal lobes
    iv. Occipital lobes
A

ii. Frontal lobes

33
Q
  1. Which of the following reasons is ancient Greece significant in the history of psychology
    i. Foundations for psychology as a science can be traced to ancient Greece
    ii. Wilhelm Wundt was one of the first known psychologists established his laboratory in ancient Greece
    iii. The first doctorate in psychology was awarded in ancient Greece
    iv. The ancient Greeks compiled the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
A

i. Foundations for psychology as a science can be traced to ancient Greece

34
Q
  1. A hypothesis is best considered as
    i. Tentative explanation or prediction about some phenomena
    ii. Attempt to explain something after it has already occurred
    iii. A set of formal statements that explain how certain events are related to one another
    Particular type of experiment or expectancy
A

i. Tentative explanation or prediction about some phenomena

35
Q
  1. The last process of the scientific method is to
    i. Communicate
    ii. Observe
    iii. Test
    iv. Predict
A

i. Communicate

36
Q
  1. Empiricism made the specific claim that our knowledge and understanding should be based upon
    i. Intuition
    ii. Basic research
    iii. Observation
    iv. Reason
A

iii. Observation

37
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a basic process of the scientific method
    i. Observing
    ii. Falsifying
    iii. Interpreting
    iv. Testing
A

ii. Falsifying

38
Q
  1. Which of the following psychologists study and treat mental disorders
    i. Cognitive
    ii. Clinical
    iii. Biological
    iv. Developmental
A

ii. Clinical

39
Q
  1. In most persons the left hemisphere of the brain
    i. Controls the left side of the body
    ii. Controls speech
    iii. is lager than the rights
    iv. Receives tactile information from the left side of the body
A

ii. Controls speech

40
Q
  1. The ethical standard of _________ refers to how participants should be given full descriptions about the procedures involved in a study and told that they are free to withdraw from a study at any time
A

i. Informed Consent

41
Q

Ernst Weber - two matches

A

○ Psychophysics, absolute threshold, just noticeable difference, sensation perception stuff

42
Q

John Watson - one match

A

○ Behaviorism

43
Q
  • Sigmund Freud - two matches
A

○ Psychoanalysis, Psychodynamic Perspective, Psychoanalytic Theory,

44
Q

Wilhelm Wundt - two matches

A

○ Structuralism, first Psycology lab

45
Q

Wilhelm Wundt - two matches

A

○ Structuralism, first Psychology lab

46
Q
  • Renee Descartes - one match
A

○ I think therefore I am, Dualism

47
Q

Cell membrane

A

Like the skin it selectively permeable so only certain ions can go in or out and these ions allow action potential to occur

48
Q

Dendrites

A

Like the ears so they receive communications from other neurons/cells

49
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

Help conserve energy and speed up the signal

50
Q

Nodes of Ranvier

A

Here the ions are exchanged for the action potential to propagate down the axon

51
Q

Axon terminals

A

Like the Mouth so this allows cells to send messages to other cells

52
Q

Primary Motor Cortex

A

Voluntary Movement - Part of the frontal lobe at the back

53
Q

Frontal lobe

A

High level cognitive skills and primary motor functions - Front of the brain

54
Q

Broca’s Area

A

Speech Formation- circle part in the frontal lobe

55
Q

Primary auditory cortex

A

integrating and processing complex auditory signals - Part of the Temporal Lobe at the top

56
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Interpreting sounds from the ears recognizing and using language - bottom lobe

57
Q

Somatic Sensory cortex

A

Body sensations - part of the parietal lobe at the front

58
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Processes sensory Information - second lobe behind the frontal lobe

59
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

Speech Understanding - circle part in the temporal Lobe

60
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Responsible for visual perception - the back lobe behind the temporal and parietal lobe

61
Q

Primary visual cortex

A

to receive, segment, and integrate visual information - part of the occipital lobe and the back

62
Q

First stage - tell ages, what is supposed to happen, and what symptoms can be seen if not successfully passed

A

Oral stage - First year of life
a) Pleasure is focused on the mouth (Sucking, Biting, and Chewing)
b) Dependent and helpless people are fixated at this stage

63
Q

Second stage - tell ages, what is supposed to happen, and what symptoms can be seen if not successfully passed

A

Anal Stage - One to Three Years
a) pleasure is focused on the anus (Retention and Expulsion)
b) Harsh Potty training might produce a preoccupation with orderliness

64
Q

Third stage - tell ages, what is supposed to happen, and what symptoms can be seen if not successfully passed

A

Phallic Stage - 5 years of age
a) Observation of differences between male and female (Mother satisfies basic needs and Father is rival for affection, Castration anxiety or Penis envy)
b) Aggressive and overly sexual behavior

65
Q

Fourth Stage - tell ages, what is supposed to happen, and what symptoms can be seen if not successfully passed

A

Latency Period - 6 years to Puberty
a) Sexual Feelings are Inactive
b) Fixation in this stage can result in immaturity and inability to form fulfilling relationships as an adult

66
Q

Fifth stage - tell ages, what is supposed to happen, and what symptoms can be seen if not successfully passed

A

Genital Stage - Puberty to Death
a) Maturing Sexual Interests
b) If the other stages have been completed successfully, the individual should now be well-balanced, warm and caring

Psychology Chapter 1 (7 decks)

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