Psychology/Sociology Chapter 2: Biological Basis of Behavior

Question 1

Discriminatory stimuli

Answer 1

Allow an organism to tell whether an appetitive stimulus or an aversive stimulus is forthcoming in an operant conditioning situation.

Question 2

Signaling stimuli

Answer 2

are neutral stimuli that may potentially become conditioned stimuli.

Question 3

nucleus accumbens

Answer 3

a center for reward sensitivity that is often implicated in addiction research.

Question 4

activation-synthesis theory

Answer 4

deals with the differences in neuronal activity of the brainstem during waking and REM sleep, and the hypothesis proposes that dreams result from brain activation during REM sleep.

Question 5

GABA

Answer 5

the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nervous system, and generally is not highly involved in skeletal muscle movement

Question 6

Broca’s area is for

Answer 6

language production

Question 7

Wernicke’s area is for

Answer 7

Language comprehension

Question 8

What is the experience of people with Broca’s aphasia?

Answer 8

• Difficulty with language production
• Can comprehend language

Question 9

What is the experience of people with Wernicke’s aphasia?

Answer 9

• Difficulty with language comprehension and expressing meaning
• No problems with speaking