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Psychology > Psychology Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Psychology Quiz 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

cells that receive, integrate, and transmit information

A

Neurons

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2
Q

neurons that communicate with other neurons

A

interneurons

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3
Q

receive signals from outside the nervous system

A

sensory neurons

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4
Q

carry messages from nervous system to muscles that move the body

A

motor neurons

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5
Q

cell body; contains cell nucleus and most of the cell

A

Soma

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6
Q

“mothering” cell to neurons

A

Glia

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7
Q

Specialized parts of a neuron that receive info

A

Dendrites

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8
Q

Info passes from Dendrite –> Soma –> Axon (T/F)

A

T

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9
Q

Specialized parts of a neuron that transmit info to other neurons or muscle glands

A

Axons

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10
Q

People with MS lack what?

A

Myelin Sheath that insulates the axon and speeds up transmission signals; MS slows or prevents nerve transmission to certain muscles

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11
Q

Small knobs that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters

A

Terminal Buttons

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12
Q

Points where neurons interconnect; junction where info is transmitted from one neuron to another

A

Synapse

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13
Q

Insulate, Nourish, and direct growth of neurons

A

Glia (about 10 glia cells per neuron)

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14
Q

Brief shift in a neuron’s electrical charge that travels along an axon; signal that travels along the axon

A

Action potential

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15
Q

Explain the “all or none” principle

A

The size of action potential is not affected by the strength of a stimulus (ex. whatever you’ve eaten (mexican…chinese) if you’re full, you’re full)

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16
Q

A signal that must be transmitted from a neuron to other cells

A

neural impulse (takes place at synapses)

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17
Q

neuron that sends the signal across the gap

A

presynaptic neuron

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18
Q

neuron that receives signal from presynaptic neuron

A

Postsynaptic neuron

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19
Q

chemicals that transmit info to one neuron to another

A

neurotransmitters (stored in synaptic vesicles)

20
Q

Dopamine

A

abnormal activity at dopamine synapses is thought to play a role in the development of schizophrenia—irrational thought, hallucinations, etc. They believe overreactivity in dopamine circuits contributes because an antagonist—that reduces the neurotransmitters activity helps

21
Q

Examples of neurotransmitters

A

Dopamine (cocaine makes these synapses go crazy
Seratonin (lack may lead to eating disorders, depression)
Endorphins (runners high…contribute to pain relief)

22
Q

Made up of all the nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord

A

Peripheral Nervous System

23
Q

Made up of nerves that connect to voluntary skeletal muscles and sensory receptors

A

Somatic Nervous System

24
Q

Controls automatic, involuntary, visceral functions like heart rate, breathing, etc.

A

Autonomic Nervous System

25
Q

When a person is automatically aroused and body functions speed up…what part of the ANS is working?

A

Sympathetic

26
Q

Conserves bodily resources to conserve energy

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

27
Q

Consists of brain and spinal cord

A

CNS

28
Q

Monitors electrical activity of the brain over time

A

EEG

29
Q

Involves destroying piece of the brain (only done in animals…inhumane)

A

Lesioning

30
Q

Involves sending weak electronic current to brain to stimulate it

A

ESB

31
Q

Permits scientists to temporarily enhance or depress activity in a certain area of the brain

A

TMS

32
Q

Critical to coordination of movement and sense of equilibrium (motor skills)

A

Cerebellum

33
Q

The hindbrain includes

A

Cerebellum, Medula, pons

34
Q

Contribute to sleep and arousal

A

Pons

35
Q

Deals with largely unconscious functions like breathing, circulation

A

Medula

36
Q

Deals with sensory processes, voluntary movements,

A

Midbrain (Parkinsons is caused by the degeneration of neurons in this area of the brain)

37
Q

Runs through hindbrain and midbrain, deals with reflexes breathing, perception

A

Reticular formation

38
Q

Largest, most complex brain region

A

Forebrain (includes thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, cerebrum)

39
Q

Deals with all sensory info (except smell)

A

Thalamus

40
Q

“4 F’s” that the hypothalamus deals with

A

fighting fleeing, feeding, mating

41
Q

Amyglyda

A

Part of limbic system involved in emotion and aggression

42
Q

It includes the brain areas that are responsible for our most complex mental activities, including learning, remembering, thinking, and consciousness itself.

A

Cerebrum

43
Q

Deals with vision

A

Occipital Lobe

44
Q

Registers sense of touch

A

Parietal Lobe

45
Q

Deals with auditory processing

A

Temporal Lobe

Psychology (7 decks)

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