Psychology Quiz 3 Flashcards
cells that receive, integrate, and transmit information
Neurons
neurons that communicate with other neurons
interneurons
receive signals from outside the nervous system
sensory neurons
carry messages from nervous system to muscles that move the body
motor neurons
cell body; contains cell nucleus and most of the cell
Soma
“mothering” cell to neurons
Glia
Specialized parts of a neuron that receive info
Dendrites
Info passes from Dendrite –> Soma –> Axon (T/F)
T
Specialized parts of a neuron that transmit info to other neurons or muscle glands
Axons
People with MS lack what?
Myelin Sheath that insulates the axon and speeds up transmission signals; MS slows or prevents nerve transmission to certain muscles
Small knobs that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters
Terminal Buttons
Points where neurons interconnect; junction where info is transmitted from one neuron to another
Synapse
Insulate, Nourish, and direct growth of neurons
Glia (about 10 glia cells per neuron)
Brief shift in a neuron’s electrical charge that travels along an axon; signal that travels along the axon
Action potential
Explain the “all or none” principle
The size of action potential is not affected by the strength of a stimulus (ex. whatever you’ve eaten (mexican…chinese) if you’re full, you’re full)
A signal that must be transmitted from a neuron to other cells
neural impulse (takes place at synapses)
neuron that sends the signal across the gap
presynaptic neuron
neuron that receives signal from presynaptic neuron
Postsynaptic neuron
chemicals that transmit info to one neuron to another
neurotransmitters (stored in synaptic vesicles)
Dopamine
abnormal activity at dopamine synapses is thought to play a role in the development of schizophrenia—irrational thought, hallucinations, etc. They believe overreactivity in dopamine circuits contributes because an antagonist—that reduces the neurotransmitters activity helps
Examples of neurotransmitters
Dopamine (cocaine makes these synapses go crazy
Seratonin (lack may lead to eating disorders, depression)
Endorphins (runners high…contribute to pain relief)
Made up of all the nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System
Made up of nerves that connect to voluntary skeletal muscles and sensory receptors
Somatic Nervous System
Controls automatic, involuntary, visceral functions like heart rate, breathing, etc.
Autonomic Nervous System
