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SP1602- Introduction to physical activity, health and wellbeing > Psychology of physical activity, health and wellbeing > Flashcards

Psychology of physical activity, health and wellbeing Flashcards

1
Q

How is health defined in the medical model of health?

A

absence of disease
diagnosis and treatment of disease
medical view of the body

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2
Q

What was an alternative definition that was made after the medical one that defined health?

A

WHO 1948
a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

you need physical, mental snd social aspects to be classified as healthy

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3
Q

Who criticised the WHO definition of health?

A

Huber et al 2011

criticises the definition and states that if everyone needs to be physically socially and mentally healthy, what does that mean or disabled people

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4
Q

Describe the social ecological model of health?

A

looks beyond individual

indiv- knowledge, skills
interpersonal- family, friends 
organisational- social institution 
community- relationships 
public policy- local laws
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5
Q

What is the definition of public health and who defined it?

A

Acheson Report 1987

the art and science of preventing disease promoting health and prolonging life through organised efforts of society

Beaglehole and Bonita 2004- sustain public health through collective action

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6
Q

What are the 7 words that define wellbeing?

A 
happiness 
flourishing
welfare 
quality of life
wealth
sustainability 
state of balance
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7
Q

What are the 6 categories that make up happiness?

A 
wealth
social support 
healthy life expectancy 
freedom/autonomy 
population generosity 
perceptions of internal and external corruption levels
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8
Q

How is a state of balance part of the wellbeing?

A

Rachel Dodge
stated we need to have a balance of challenges and resources
we need challenges for stimulation
if challenges outway resources, there will be negative sense of wellbeing

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9
Q

What is flourishing?

A

experiencing positive emotion
defines wellbeing as positive things we have
positive psychology

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10
Q

What are the stems of positive psychology?

A 
emotional resilience
self belief 
sense of achievement 
trusting relationships 
optimistic 
engagement 
self efficacy 
problem solver
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11
Q

What are the core features of flourishing positive psychology?

A

positive emotions
engagement
meaning/ purpose

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12
Q

What is positive psychology?

A

scientific study of optimal human functioning

to discover and promote the factors that allow individuals and communities to thrive

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13
Q

What are the 5 ways to wellbeing, how to improve wellbeing according to positive psychology?

A

connect- social relationships
be active- physical activity
take notice- take notice of enviro rather than looking at your phone
keep learning- engage in educational things
give- charitable

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14
Q

According to theories of behaviour change, what happens when we exercise and dont exercise in terms of health and wellbeing?

A

increased levels of physical activity- health benefits, physical, mental, personal development

low levels of physical activity- risk of chronic disease

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15
Q

How does the government play a role in promoting good health and wellbeing?

A

gov- a new strategy for an active nation
sport England- towards an active nation
UK recommended guidelines- start active stay active

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16
Q

What are the UK guidelines for physical activity for children and adults?

A

children (5-18) - 60mins vigorous activity per day

adults- 150 mins moderate per week or 75 mins of vigorous per week

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17
Q

What are the 8 barriers to physical activity?

A 
lack of time 
lack of energy 
lack of motivation 
costs too much
illness/ injury 
lack of facilities 
feel uncomfortable 
fear of injury
18
Q

What is a theory and why is it used?

A

n academic interpretation of why and how things happen

helps understand why an individuals physically inactive
identifies constructs that explain engagement and disengagement with physical activity, we can then work on change

19
Q

Why should interventions be formed from theories?

A

allows targeting and influencing of the right factors
this should lead to successful behaviour change
helps us identify what worked and what has not
allows measurement of change
allows evaluation of the processes by which a behaviour is modified or changed

20
Q

Describe the health belief model as a theory of behaviour change?

A

people know that its good to exercise but we dont do it- why?
demographics- genetics, age
psychological characteristics- group pressure
we look at the threat of the illness- how bad is it actually- perceived susceptibility
perceived severity- eg diabetes, you wont die, theres drugs
health motivation- how important is it to change to you
perceived benefits and barriers of changing behaviour
cue to action- you dont care about exercise but all your friends do it, so your influenced
self efficacy

21
Q

What is a limitation of this model?

A

it shows us the factors that may influence us to change our behaviour but it doesn’t show us how we can change it

22
Q

What type of model is the health belief model?

A

linear

23
Q

What is the theory of planned behaviour?

A

attitude towards behaviour- positive or negative feeling about physical activity

subjective norm- do family exercise, what is the norm

perceived behavioural control- do we feel in control of our behaviour

all these influence intention (motivation to change)
is the intention is there then we change behaviour

24
Q

What is a limitation of the theory of planned behaviour?

A

the theory assumes that if out intentions are there, then we automatically do the behaviour however this is false

25
Q

What type of theory is the theory of planned behaviour?

A

linear

26
Q

What is the transtheoretical model?

A

states that people are in different stages of wanting to change their behaviour
for each stage we approach them differently and try and move them along the scale to changing behaviour
when we change- we have to work hard to maintain
relapses could occur

27
Q

What are the 6 stages of the transtheoretical model?

A

pre contemplation- dont want to change or dont know they need to (try raise consciousness about what they are doing is bad)
contemplation- thinking of changing behaviour (being aware they need to change) (ask them to reflect, see whats stopping them from changing)
preparation- feel like they can do this, make a plan, research, join friends who exercise or do the behaviour you want for guidance
action- do the behaviour less than 6 months
maintenance- doing behaviour for a while
termination

28
Q

What type of model is the transtheoretical model?

A

multidisciplinary not linear

29
Q

What should we focus on using the transtheoretical model in our intervention to change a certain behaviour?

A

10 processes of change- stratagies to maintain or make a change, use this in intervention

decisional balance- cost vs benefit, see if there is benefit of changing behaviour

self efficacy- confidence to engage in behaviour

30
Q

How is the transtheoretical model different to other models?

A

its a cycle

addresses weaknesses from other models

31
Q

What are the limitations of the behaviour change theories?

A

small effect individually
often not always targets only one factor
intention behaviour gap
motivation, rationale behaviour

32
Q

Who created the COM B model?

A

Michie et al 2011

33
Q

Why is the COM B model used for by coaches?

A

helps them see what needs to change in order for behaviour change intervention to be effective

34
Q

What needs to be present in to COM B model for behaviour change to occur?

A

capability
opportunity
motivation

a person needs all 3 in order for them to change their behaviour
all 3 factors influence each other

35
Q

What is capability?

A

attribute of a person that together with opportunity makes a behaviour change possible to happen

they need to be psychologically capable and physically capable

36
Q

What is opportunity?

A

attribute to the environmental system that together with capability makes change possible

need physical opportunity (finance, material resources)
social opportunity (people)
37
Q

What is motivation?

A

mental processes that energise and direct behaviour

reflective motivation- making plans
automatic- drive related, desires, habits

intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

38
Q

Why is opportunity and capability important?

A

capability and opportunity need to be present and open for motivation to generate behaviour

the greater the opportunity and capability, the more likely the behaviour will occur because the more often the gates will be open for motivation to be present

the more capable we think we are, the more the enviro is to enacting it

39
Q

What is the behaviour change wheel?

A

continuation of the COM B model

40
Q

What is the behaviour change wheel (2014) made up of?

A

9 intervention functions (for each function there are many behaviour change techniques)
7- policy categories
creates framework for designing intervention for behaviour change

41
Q

What is the difference between the COM B model and behaviour change wheel?

A

COM B tells you what needs to change

behaviour change wheel tells you how you can change it

42
Q

What is the intervention process using the COM B model?

A

stage 1- understanding the behaviour
stage 2- identify intervention options
stage 3- identify context

SP1602- Introduction to physical activity, health and wellbeing (6 decks)

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