physical activity, social inequalities, and patterns of health Flashcards
What is the WHO definition of health?
a state of complete physical and mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
After the WHO definition was criticized, what other better suited definitions were made regarding health?
ability to adapt and self manage- Huber
public health is the collective action fro sustained population wide health- Beaglehole
What is the social gradient?
the lower the socioeconomic position, the worse the health
What are social determinents?
conditions which people live their lives
life circumstances affected by wealth, power, resources
life chances affected by- age, ethnicity, gender, disability, employment, income
How do social determinants link to physical activity?
influence how much, what type and often people are physically active and where they do it
What countries hold the most deaths from communicable and non communicable disease?
communicable- infectious, malaria- low income countries (south)
non communicable- CVD, high income countries because of obesity and inactivity
How does life expectancy vary as you go out of london?
decreases as you travel out of London
Where do health inequalities comes from?
not biological cause
because of social determinants
if these change and are tackled, we would have better health care
Why is the social ecological model of health important when making health policy?
in this model all things are important to take into consideration when implementing public health policy or designing exercise interventions
How can we address social inequalities in health?
policy- NHS England and public health England have a policy for reducing differences in health in different populations
law- health and social care act 2012-introduced legal duties on health organisations to have regard to
What is the demonstration effect?
when a sporting event is hosted which encourages physical activity
What is the reality of the demonstration effect?
children in the olympic borough live in poverty
teens high levels of smoking, pregnancy, fewer good GCSES
unemployed
demo effect only works for those that have money
What were the first guidelines for physical activity called?
UK start active, stay active guidelines for physical activity 2011
What is the UK start active stay active guidelines?
aimed at professionals and policy makers for behaviour change
general population- info on healthy life choices
behaviour change models
provided evidence for the public
What were the SASA guidelines for physical activity?
150min per week
tailored guidelines for different age groups
recognition for role of vigorous activity
can do combination of both
daily activity is important, do a little a lot
updated 2019
What was wrong with the case studies about the SASA age groups?
the case studies do not represent the British public
not everyone has outstanding opportunities
low income households
20% children live in poverty
safety of children
guidelines have no focus on social determinants
What are the risk factors for child poverty?
lone parent houselhold
ethnic minority household
if one or both parents not working
Why were the SASA illustrations for older adults not representative?
missing factors risk of falls pathologies no mention of physical or mental health resources quality of life
How can social determinants impact on physical activity relating to the components of the social ecological model of health?
indiv- motivation, education, knowledge of health and pa, genetics
interpersonal- social support, values, norms of family, family income, friends
organizational- health service, schools, tfl, access to healthy food
community- cultural religious beliefs, how healthcare and schools work together
public policy- welfare policy, public health policies
What was the new public health policy released in 2014 called?
everybody active everyday
What were the benefits and drawbacks of the policy compared to the 2011 policy?
inequality is recognised how it can impact pa
findings are more representative
supply lead
narrow knowledge base- what counts as evidence
What can we learn from local expert knowledge?
integrate high quality evidence
better health for London
shows importance of having knowledge from different communities
local expert knowledge
What can we learn from young people that want to be active?
get to know people who live in social determinants
impact of living in unsafe neighborhoods
communities think people are up to no good
having an awful time at school
mental and physical health
What research was conducted for looking into adults who wanted to be active?
health and sport engagement project
