Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SP1602- Introduction to physical activity, health and wellbeing > Physiology of physical activity, health and wellbeing > Flashcards

Physiology of physical activity, health and wellbeing Flashcards

1
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

condition of balance in the bodys internal enviro due to constant interaction of the bodys many regulatory processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is homeostasis imbalance?

A

disturbance of homeostasis which is why many diseases are caused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was the hypotheses for the Harvard Alumni health study?

A

low level of physical activity can lead to homeostasis imbalance increasing the risk of diseases and premature death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the aim of the Harvard alumni health study?

A

have scientific evidence between the link of physical activity and mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was the harvard alumni health study?

A

16,936 men 35-74 yrs follow up 12-16yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What did the results of the harvard alumni health study show?

A

inverse dose response relationship

those who expend more than 2000 cal a week lower death rate by 25-33%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What were the limitations of the harvard alumni health study? (physical activity and mortality)

A

used self report methods- questionnaires

rely on ppts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is physical activity?

A

bodily movement that is produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle increases in energy expenditure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is physical fitness?

A

set of attributes that people have to achieve that relate to the ability to perform muscular work satisfactorily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is health related fitness?

A

components of fitness that benefits from physically active lifestyle and relate to health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is physical fitness measured?

A

objectively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is cardiorespiratory endurance?

A

ability of the circulatory an respiratory system to supply o2 during sustained physical activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is body composition?

A

relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is muscular strength?

A

ability of muscle to exert force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is muscular endurance?

A

ability of muscle to continue to perform without fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is flexibility?

A

range of motion available at a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What study was used to look at the relationship between physical fitness and mortality?

A

aerobics centre longitudinal study

18
Q

Describe the aerobics centre longitudinal study?

A

10,224 men
3,120 women
max treadmill exercise looking at cardiorespiratory exercise
8yr follow up
243 men deaths x3RR
43 woman deaths X4RR
this was used to calculate relative risk of death

19
Q

What is CVD?

A

pathologies of the heart, blood, vessels and the vascular system of the brain, 1/3 deaths

20
Q

What is coronary heart disease known as?

A

atherosclerosis

21
Q

What is atherosclerosis?

A

progressive narrowing of arteries due to build up of plaque/ atheroma

22
Q

What are the risks of CHD?

A

myocardial infarction- heart attack due to ischemia (not enough o2 delivered

chronic heart disease- heart cant contract powerfully due to plaque, decrease in CO, left ventricle cant pus out enough blood

23
Q

What symptoms does chronic heart disease provoke?

A

dizziness
tired
cant got through diastolic phase properly

24
Q

Describe the 2 types of stroke?

A

hemorrhagic- rupture of vessel, leakage of blood

ischemic- plaque build up or blood clot, stop flow of blood in brain

25
Q

What happens when someone has a stroke?

A

brain starved of o2 and becomes ischemic which means cells become damaged
110,000 ppl have a stroke a year in England

26
Q

What are the symptoms of a a stroke?

A 
FAST
face fallen
arms- cant lift both up
speech slurred 
time- 999
27
Q

What are the benefits of PA, (risk)?

A 
reduced risk of 
mortality
cvd 
obesity
type 2
cancer 
anxiety
risk of falls
28
Q

What are the benefits of PA, (function)?

A 
improves function of 
sleep
endocrine
metabolic 
sleep
self esteem
quality of life
29
Q

What is epidemiology?

A

study of disease occurrence in a human population

30
Q

Describe the 2 studies created by morris that show epidemiological evidence?

A

bus drivers twice likely to suffer MI than conductors
civil servants leisure activities 8 yr period
those engaging in activity equivalent to brisk walking 50% lower risk of CHD
studies reconfirmed over decades

31
Q

Explain how lipoproteins are a risk factor for CVD?

A

high density lipoprotein cholesterol- plaque degradation- good for you
exercise increases protective high density lipoprotein cholesterol

32
Q

Explain how hypertension is a risk factor to CVD?

A 
blood pressure
normal- 120/180mmHg
hypertension- 140/190
pressure on wall 
accounts or 50% of ischemic strokes

industrialised countries become hypertensive and with increase in age

33
Q

What study did Nelson do relating to blood pressure?

A

endurance exercise reduces blood pressure
13 untreated hypertensive patients
45min cycle or walk for 4 weeks
bp decreased overtime

34
Q

How does BMI related to CVD?

A

those with CVD usually have a high BMI/ obese

35
Q

How is BMI measured?

A

weight/ height
kg/m2
normal between 22-25
those who are over weight or underweight have increased risk of mortality

36
Q

What study was used to compare lifestyle factors and CVD?

A

nurses health study

37
Q

Describe the nurses health study?

A 
84,129 women 
14 yr follow up 
reported low risk factors 
healthy diet 
non smoking 
regular exercise 
BMI- less than 25
moderate alch consumption- 5g a day 
if all had healthy lifestyles 82% of coronary events could have been prevented
38
Q

When were the recent UK physical activity guidelines published?

A

2019, specific guidelines for different age groups

39
Q

What are the UK physical activity guidelines for adults 19-64 years?

A

aim physically active everyday
even a little is good, more is better
maintain strength major muscle groups- through heavy gardening, carry heavy shopping
minimise time spent in sedentary
break up long periods of inactivity with PA even if its light

40
Q

How often should muscle strengthening exercises be done for adults?

A

twice a week

41
Q

What are the guidelines for adults for physical activity?

A 
150 mod intensity per week 
30min x 5 a week 
or 75 mins vigorous 
shorter durations very vigorous 
or combination 
60% dog owners walk dogs for 160mins per week

SP1602- Introduction to physical activity, health and wellbeing (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions