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Psychology > Psychology Ch.13-15 > Flashcards

Psychology Ch.13-15 Flashcards

1
Q

A person’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

A

Personality

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2
Q

View personality as an interaction I between conscious and unconscious mind, stressing the importance of MOTIVES and CONFLICT

A

Psychodynamic Theory

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3
Q

Protective method of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

A

Defense mechanisms

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4
Q

Banishment of anxiety provoking thoughts, feelings, and memories

A

Repression

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5
Q

Attributing one’s own impulses to someone else

A

Projection

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6
Q

Unacceptable emotions are set apart from conscious awareness

A

Isolation

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7
Q

Justifying unacceptable behaviors

A

Rationalization

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8
Q

Shifting an emotion to a more acceptable object or person

A

Displacement

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9
Q

Returning to an earlier stage of maturity

A

Regression

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10
Q

Carrying on as if no mistake occurred

A

Undoing

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11
Q

Attempt to make up for deficiencies

A

Compensation

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12
Q

Ignore the existence of painful realities

A

Denial

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13
Q

Modeling values and beliefs of another to the extreme/no self identity

A

Identification

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14
Q

A personality test that provides ambiguous stimuli to assess unconscious conflicts and inter feelings (LACKS validity and reliability)

A

Projective Test

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15
Q

A Test through which people express inner feeling through stories the make up about an ambiguous scene

A

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

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16
Q

People explain what they see in a series of symmetrical ink blots

A

Rorschach Ink Blot Test

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17
Q

View personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth

A

Humanistic Theory

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18
Q

Who said we are motivated by a HIERARCHY of needs?

A

Abraham Maslow

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19
Q

Individual growth is promoted by a climate with three conditions: genuineness, acceptance, and empathy

A

Carl Rogers’s Client Centered Perspective

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20
Q

Personality is defined in terms of stable and enduring behavior patterns

A

Trait Theory

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21
Q

A characteristic pattern of behavior or disposition to feel and act, as assessed by others of self-report inventories

A

Trait

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22
Q

Longer Questionnaires covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors (HIGH reliability and validity)

A

Personality Inventories

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23
Q

MMPI

A

Minnesota Multi-Phase Personality Inventory

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24
Q

The Big 5 Factors (Personality Traits)- Most Stable in Adulthood

A

Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, Extraversion

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25
Views Personality and behavior as influences by the interaction of traits (including thinking) and social context
Social Cognitive Theory
26
Person who view the person-environment interaction as reciprocal determinism
Albert Bandura
27
The interacting influences of behavior, internal personal factors, and environment.
Reciprocal Determinism
28
A syndrome (group of symptoms) marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behaviors- which are dysfunctional or maladaptive, interfering with day-to-day life
Psychological Disorders
29
Widely used tool to classify and diagnose psychological disorders
DSM-V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
30
Extreme in attention and/or hyper activity, and impulsivity, and interferes with functioning and development
ADHD- Attention-deficient/Hyperactivity Disorder
31
ADHD Treatment
Ritalin, Adderall (Stimulants)
32
Distressing, persistent anxiety, and often dysfunctional anxiety-reducing behaviors
Anxiety Disorders
33
Continuous state of tension and worry, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
34
Unpredictable episodes of intense dread and terror. Experiences chest pain, shortness of breath, anxiety, and/or choking. Often followed by worry of having another attack.
Panic Disorder
35
Persistent avoidance of social situations due to an intense fear of being negatively evaluated by others
Social Anxiety Disorder
36
Unwanted repetitive thoughts (Obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
37
As Obsessive thoughts _________ anxiety, compulsions __________ anxiety.
Increase; Decrease
38
Disorder where symptoms must be present for at least a two week period.
Major Depression Disorder
39
A person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.
Bipolar Disorder
40
Hyperactive, wildly optimistic state in which dangerously poor judgement is common
Mania
41
How do depressed people see the world?
Negatively
42
People with depression may also have problems with _________ and __________.
Anxiety and Substance Abuse
43
Compulsive Fretting; overthinking about our problems and their causes.
Rumination
44
When an individual continually faces a negative, uncontrollable situation and stops trying to change their circumstances, even when they have the ability to do so.
Learned Helplessness
45
Delusions (false beliefs), hallucinations (perceptions in the absence of external stimuli), disorganized speech, and/or inappropriate emotional expression.
Schizophrenia
46
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
PRESENCE of inappropriate thoughts or behavior such as hallucinations or delusions.
47
Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
The ABSENCE of appropriate behaviors such as speech, pleasure, expressed emotion, and persistence.
48
Four A’s of Negative Schizophrenia Symptoms
Avolition (apathy), Agolia (relative absence of speech), Anhedonia (lack of pleasure), Affective flattening (little expressed emotion.)
49
Treatment involving psychological techniques; consisting of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.
Psychotherapy
50
Using a variety of techniques from several forms of therapy to treat clients.
Eclectic Approach
51
Therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth. This is non-directive therapy.
Client (Person) Centered Therepy (Carl Rogers)
52
Therapist attempts to accept and understand the client, giving non-judge mental grace, making the client feel valued and whole.
Unconditional Positive Regard
53
Emphasizes the boosting of people’s self-fulfillment by trying to help them grow in self awareness and self-acceptance.
Humanistic Perspective (Therapy)
54
Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors
Behavior Therapy
55
A type of exposure therapy/counterconditioning, often used to treat phobias, that associate a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety triggering stimuli
Systematic Desensitization
56
Using positive reinforcers to reward closer and closer approximations of a desired behavior
Behavior Modification
57
an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token/reward of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange their tokens for various privileges.
Token Economy
58
Teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions
Cognitive Therapy (Aaron Beck)
59
Changing people's thinking can change their functioning. Reversing negative thoughts by replacing them with positive thoughts.
Beck's Cognitive Therapy for Depression
60
The MOST EFFICACIOUS and widely used therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (Albert Ellis)
61
Therapy conducted with groups of people rather than individuals, allowing therapeutic benefits from group interaction by enabling people to see that others have similar problems to their own.
Group Therapy
62
Benefits to Group Therapy
Saves therapists time and clients time, offers a social laboratory to explore and develop social skills, enables people to see they're not alone, provides feedback as new skills and behaviors are practiced.
63
The study of the effects of drugs on the mind and behavior
Psychopharmacology
64
True or False? Medicine is necessary and beneficial for some people, there is no shame in it.
True
65
(The Big Five Factors) Conscientiousness deals with what?
Being careless and disorganized to being careful and organized.
66
(The Big Five Factors) Agreeableness deals with what?
Being suspicious and uncooperative to being trusting and cooperative.
67
(The Big Five Factors) Neuroticism deals with what?
Emotional stability and calmness, to being emotionally unstable and anxious.
68
(The Big Five Factors) Openness deals with what?
Preferring routine and practicality to being imaginative and preferring variability.
69
(The Big Five Factors) Extraversion deals with what?
Being sober and reserved to being sociable and fun-loving.

Psychology (6 decks)

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