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Applied Psychology > Psychological Therapies > Flashcards

Psychological Therapies Flashcards

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1
Q

What is psychotherapy?

A

Treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

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2
Q

What is an eclectic approach?

A

Approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

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3
Q

What is a biomedical approach?

A

Prescribed medications or procedures that directly on the person’s physiology.

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4
Q

What is psychoanalysis?

A
  • Bring patients’ repressed feelings into conscious awareness
  • To help patients release energy devoted to id-ego-superego conflicts so they may achieve healthier, less anxious lives
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5
Q

What is resistance stage of psychoanalysis?

A

Blocking from consciousness of anxiety laden material.

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6
Q

What is interpretation stage of psychoanalysis?

A

Noting supposed dream meaning, resistances and other significant behaviours and events to promote insight.

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7
Q

What is transference stage of psychoanalysis?

A

Patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships

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8
Q

What is psychodynamic therapy?

A
  • Help people understand current symptoms;

- Explore and gain perspective on defended-against thoughts and feelings

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9
Q

What is interpersonal therapy?

A

Brief 12- to 16-session form of psychodynamic therapy that has been effective in treating depression.

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10
Q

What is the theme of humanistic therapies?

A

-Emphasis on people’s potential for self-
fulfilment; to give people new insights
-Reduce inner conflicts that interfere with natural development and growth
-Helps clients grow in self-awareness and self-acceptance promoting personal growth

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11
Q

What is person centered therapy?

A
  • Focuses on person’s conscious self- perceptions;
  • People possess resources for growth
  • Foster growth by exhibiting genuineness, acceptance, empathy
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12
Q

What is active listening?

A

Emphatic listening which listener echoes, restates and clarifies

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13
Q

What is unconditional positive regard?

A

Caring, accepting, non judgemental attitude, believed would help clients develop self awareness + self acceptance.

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14
Q

What are behaviour therapies?

A

Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviour

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15
Q

What is counterconditioning?

A

Uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviours.

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16
Q

What is systematic desensitisation?

A

Associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing, anxiety-triggering stimuli.

17
Q

What is aversion therapy?

A

Associates noxious state with previously craving-triggering stimuli.

18
Q

What are exposure therapies?

A

Treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.

19
Q

What is virtual reality exposure therapy?

A

Treats anxiety by creative electronic simulations in which people can safely face their greatest fears.

20
Q

What is the goal of aversive conditioning?

A
  • Substituting negative response for a positive response to a harmful stimulus.
  • Conditioning an aversion to something the person should avoid.
21
Q

What are other examples of behaviour therapies?

A
  • Operant conditioning therapy
  • Behaviour modification
  • Token economy
22
Q

What is operant conditioning therapy?

A

Consequences drive behaviour: voluntary behaviours are strongly influenced by their consequences

23
Q

What is behaviour modification?

A

Desired behaviour reinforced; undesired behaviour not reinforced, sometimes punished.

24
Q

What is token economy?

A

People earn a token for exhibiting a desired behaviour and can later exchange the tokens for privileges or treats.

25
Q

What is cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)?

A
  • Integrative therapy combining cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behaviour therapy (changing behaviour)
  • Helps people discover new, more adaptive ways of thinking
  • Based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions
26
Q

What is group therapy?

A

Conducted with groups rather than individuals, providing benefits from group interaction.

27
Q

What is family therapy?

A
  • Attempts to open up communication within the family and help family members to discover and use conflict resolution strategies
  • Treats the family as a system
  • Helps family members understand how their ways of relating to one another create problems
28
Q

What is evidence based practice?

A

Integration of best available research with clinicians’ expertise and patients’ characteristics, preferences, and circumstances.

29
Q

What are the 3 basic benefits of psychotherapy?

A
  • Hope for demoralised people
  • New perspective for oneself and the world
  • Empathic, trusting, caring relationship (therapeutic alliance)
30
Q

What is a therapeutic alliance?

A

A bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome client’s problem

31
Q

What is psychopharmacology?

A

Study the effect of drugs on the mind and behaviour.

32
Q

What are antipsychotic drugs?

A

Drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.

33
Q

What are antidepressant drugs?

A

Drugs used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive, post-traumatic stress disorder.

34
Q

What are anti-anxiety drugs?

A

Drugs used to control anxiety and agitation.

35
Q

What is electro-convulsion therapy?

A

A biomedical therapy for severity depressed patients in which a brief electrical current is sent through the brain of the patient.

36
Q

What are alternative neuro stimulation therapies?

A
  • Vagus nerve stimulation
  • Deep brain stimulation
  • Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
37
Q

What is psychosurgery?

A

Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behaviours

38
Q

What is lobotomy?

A

Psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients.

Applied Psychology (12 decks)

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