psychological therapies

Question 1

what are common mental health disorders

Answer 1

affective/anxiety disorders

substance misuse disorders

disorders of reaction to psychological stress

Question 2

examples of affective/anxiety disorders.

Answer 2

major depressive disorder (MDD)

generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)

panic disorder and phobic anxiety disorders

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Question 3

examples of substance misuse disorders

Answer 3

due to use of:

• alcohol
• tobacco
• opioids/benzos/stimulants

Question 4

example of disorders of reaction to stress.

Answer 4

post traumatic stress disorder PTSD

Question 5

What does CBT involve?

Answer 5

how our thoughts relate to our feelings and behaviour

• focuses on here and now, short term, goal orientated

therapist helps client to identify their thoughts, feelings and behaviours and assess if they are unrealistic or unhelpful and identify what can be changed

Question 6

What conditions is CBT effective in the treatment of?

Answer 6

• depression
• anxiety
• phobias
• OCD
• PTSD

Question 7

What types of thoughts/behaviours can CBT be used to combat?

Answer 7

• automatic negative thoughts
• unrealistic beliefs
• cognitive distortions
• catastrophizing
• black and white / all or nothing thinking
• perfectionism

Question 8

What is the theory and rationale of behavioural activation?

Answer 8

focuses on avoided activities as a guide for activity scheduling

client taught to analyse unintended consequences of their way of responding

Question 9

What types of avoidance behaviour may be identified in depression?

Answer 9

• Social withdrawal
• Non-social avoidance
• Cognitive avoidance
• Avoidance by distraction
• Emotional avoidance

Question 10

1

Answer 10

1

Question 11

1

Answer 11

1

Question 12

how does depression follow a change in interpersonal events

Answer 12

• bereavement
• dispute
• role transition
• interpersonal deficit

Question 13

Describe what happens in IPT.

Answer 13

IP map - helps focus on depressive symptoms linked to interpersonal events

• identify a goal to reduce symptoms and improve interpersonal functioning
• focus on here and now, short term

Question 14

What are the strengths of IPT?

Answer 14

• A grade evidence for treating depression
• no formal homework
• client can continue to practise skills beyond the sessions ending

Question 15

What are the limitations of IPT?

Answer 15

• requires degree of ability to reflect

- where poor social networks – limited interpersonal support

Question 16

What is motivational interviewing?

Answer 16

promotes behaviour change

used where behaviour change is being considered, when patient may be unmotivated or ambivalent to change

• express empathy, avoid argument, support self-efficacy

Question 17

What are the stages of change?

Answer 17

• Pre-contemplation
• Contemplation
• Planning
• Action
• Maintaining