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PSYC 102 > Psychological Disorders > Flashcards

Psychological Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Symptom

A
  • physical or mental features regarding condition or physiological disorder

E.g mind wandering during class, but grades are still high

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2
Q

NORMAL, MILD TO MODERATE, SEVERELY DISORDERED

A

NORMAL
- studies hard, attends classes
- temporary feelings of anxiety

MILD TO MODERATE
- slight doubt in themselves
- longer-lasting periods of anxiety (interfere with academics)
- drifting off, video games, texting

SEVERELY DISORDERED
- I’m a failure
- long-lasting periods impacting academic and social functioning
-skips, avoids others

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3
Q

Point Prevelance

A
  • the percentage of people given a psychological disorder at a particular point in time
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4
Q

Lifetime prevelance

A
  • percentage of people in a certain population who will be given psychological disorder at any point in their lives

US
- anxiety related disorder 29%

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5
Q

Clinical Assessment

A

Procedure to gather information needed to perform a diagnosis

  1. begin with a clinical interview (describe problems, and concerns)
  2. self-report methods
  3. projective tests
    - respond to pictures
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6
Q

DSM- 5

A
  • classification scheme for psychological disorders

-contains appendix of culture-specific disorders

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7
Q

Benefit of Diagnostic Labels

A
  • improved treatment (therapy, medication, or both)
  • specific labels for different disorders ensure proper treatment
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8
Q

The Diathesis-Stress Model of Psychological Disorders

A
  • identifies one set of factors that influence the disorder
  • also identifies other stressors that trigger

E.g one experiences a disorder because they have diathesis (mental illness) and stressor (hurricane)

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9
Q

Anxiety Related Disorders

A
  • feeling of intense worry, nervousness, or unease
    -most common in women
  1. A Specific Phobia
    - fear of particular objects, situations
    E.g snakes, heights, dentists, blood
  2. Social- Anxiety
    - afraid of being watched, evaluated, judged by others
    -fear of negative evaluation
    -emerges in childhood
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10
Q

Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia

A
  • occurrence of panic attacks
    Agoraphobia
  • fear of being in situations one can’t escape
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11
Q

The Diathesis-Stress Model of Psychological Disorders

A
  • excessive anxiety
  • a constant state of worrying regarding multiple factors
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12
Q

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

A
  • obsession (disturbing unwanted thoughts) and compulsions (actions)
    -affects 2% of the US population at some point in their lives
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13
Q

Trauma and Stressor related Disorders

A

-triggered by events that involve death, injury, violation

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14
Q

Acute stress disorder

A
  • less than a month
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15
Q

PTSD

A
  • enduring, more than a month
    E.g lifetime prevalence of PTSD in the US is 7 %
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16
Q

Comorbidity

A
  • one anxiety disorder makes in more likely that some one will experience another disorder at the same time
17
Q

Concordance Rate

A
  • The Diathesis-Stress Model of Psychological Disorders
18
Q

Mood-related Disorder (Depressive disorder)

A

-feelings of sadness or emptiness
-diminishes interest or pleasure in activities

19
Q

Rumination

A
  • repetitively turning emotional difficulties over and over in the mind
20
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A
  • depressed mood
  • loss of pleasure
  • manic episodes
  • mood swings
21
Q

hypomania

A
  • A state of high excitement and energy often characterized by racing thoughts, a feeling of invincibility or omnipotence, and a lack of boundaries or inhibitions.
22
Q

mania

A
  • A state of high excitement and energy often characterized by racing thoughts, a feeling of invincibility or omnipotence, and a lack of boundaries or inhibitions.
23
Q

Suicide

A
  • In nearly every country, men are more likely than women to die by suicide.
24
Q

Negative Cognitive Schema

A
  • individuals’ negative thoughts about themselves, the future, and the world.
25
Q

Explanatory Style

A
  • How a person explains why bad things happen to him or her.
26
Q

Schizophrenia

A
  • diagnosed in late adolescence or early adulthood
  • dopamine neurotransmitter
  • delusions (Grandiosity -greatest of all)
  • hallucinations (sensory experiences)

negative symptom:
- anhedonia (loss of interest in activities)
- express little emotion

27
Q

Genetic Factor in Schizophrenia

A

First Degree Relative
- sibling, parents, twin, children

Second Degree Relative
- grandchildren, uncle, aunts, half siblings

Third Degree Relative
- first cousin

28
Q

Autism spectrum disorder

A
  1. defect in social communication and interaction
  2. repetitive patterns of interest or behaviour
  • have some problems in the functioning of their amygdala, a brain structure that plays an essential role in emotion and motivation
29
Q

ADHD

A
  • most common disorder in childhood
  • 8.5% children in the US
  • diagnoses has increased dramatically in recent years
30
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

A
  • multiple personality disorder
  • two or more identities
31
Q

Personlaity Disorder

A
  • enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour
  1. deviates cultural norms and expectations
  2. is “inflexible and pervasive across a broad range of personal and social situations,
  3. leads to “clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning”
32
Q
A

PSYC 102 (9 decks)

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