Psychological Assessment - Motivational Interviewing

Question 1

Psychologically Informed Clinical Practice

Answer 1

balances traditional musculoskeletal rehabilitation and cognitive behavioral interventions

Question 2

Transtheoretical model

Answer 2

-behavior change is not a simple process
-follows a series of steps
-psychological readiness for change

Question 3

What happens in the Pre contemplation stage?

Answer 3

individuals are not even considering a change in behavior
do not realize there is a problem or they are in denial
*barriers>benefits
*low or no self efficacy

Question 4

What happens in the contemplation stage?

Answer 4

-sense of awareness of problem
-intent to take action but have not made a commitment to change
*barriers>benefits
*low self efficacy for change

Question 5

What happens in the preparation stage?

Answer 5

ready to make a specific change in the next month
*barriers<benefits
*self efficacy increasing

Question 6

What happens in the action stage?

Answer 6

take overt action to change a behavior
-use strategies to resist temptation, cope with everyday challenges, and prevent relapse
*self efficacy is key
-small attainable goals are important

Question 7

What happens in the maintenance stage?

Answer 7

-sustains new changed behavior for at least 6 month
-new patterns become automatic
-long term change creates strong efficacy
-increased internal reward system

Question 8

What is key?

Answer 8

*communication
ex: Motivation interviewing techniques

Question 9

Motivational Interviewing

Answer 9

collaborative, person centered form of guiding to elicit and strengthen motivation for change
-resolves ambivalence about a behavior change
-builds trust and rapport with patients and target motivation as mediating factor for behavior change

Question 10

What are the four principles of MI?

Answer 10

1. expression of empathy
   (understanding in a nonjudgemental way)
2. recognition of discrepancies
   (differences b/w current and future standings, what are desired outcomes)
3. rolling with resistance
   (respect autonomy)
4. supporting self-efficacy
   (self confidence)

Question 11

Traps to avoid

Answer 11

-expert trap (want to be collaborative)
-advice without permission
-doing most of talking

Question 12

Importance and Confidence

Answer 12

people do what they think is most important

Question 13

Short review of MI

Answer 13

-our spirit and their readiness for change

Question 14

O.A.R.S. of our spirit

Answer 14

O = open ended questions
A = affirmation
R = reflections
S = summary

Question 15

Open ended questions

Answer 15

-ones that can not be yes or no
-no specific answers
-get client talking
-open and end with this

Question 16

Affirmations verses compliments

Answer 16

compliment = judgement
affirmation = inference

Question 17

Affirmations

Answer 17

identitfying and commenting on a positive behavior/comment made by the individual that speaks to the quality of their character and commitment to health
ex: comment on individuals positive behavior or strengths

Question 18

Reflections- Active listening

Answer 18

-reflective listening involves being interest in & respectful of what the person has to say
-reduces resistance, conveys empathy, reinforces engagement

Question 19

What is a reflection?

Answer 19

you guess or hypothesis about what the other person means
-during this time avoid saying “im sorry you feel that way” or “im sorry” its not about YOU

Question 20

What is the summary?

Answer 20

-brings together what the person has been saying
-serves a a transition to a new topic

Question 21

What should the summary contain/discuss?

Answer 21

-have the patient give the summary of any plan/homes practice to be done
-give a summary of plant and check in their confidence level of following through
-if confidence is low, simplify plan

Question 22

When giving advice?

Answer 22

avoid it! or
-ask for permission or if the patient asks
-give permission to agree or disagree
-suggest several options