Psycholgical Treatments Flashcards
What are the three basic musts according to Ellis (1997)?
- People must approve of everything I do.
- Other people must treat me well.
- I must get what I want and not what I do not want.
How can viewing demands as goals rather than essentials help individuals?
It can ease negative feelings and behaviors associated with unhelpful beliefs.
What is Beck’s cognitive restructuring?
The process of identifying and challenging negative thoughts.
According to Aaron Beck, what causes depression?
Irrational beliefs about the self, the world, and the future.
What role does interpretation of events play in depression?
It can lead to depressive symptoms based on how we interpret those events.
What is psychoeducation in cognitive therapy?
Teaching clients about the links between thoughts, feelings, and behavior.
What is the purpose of homework exercises in cognitive therapy?
To increase awareness of situations that trigger negative thinking.
Fill in the blank: The therapist asks questions to help the client analyze and reflect on their thoughts, a process known as _______.
Socratic questioning
What is the overall goal of cognitive therapy?
To help people rely less on dysfunctional beliefs and more on available evidence.
True or False: The target of cognitive therapy is to replace negativity with positivity.
False
How do cognitive therapists collaborate with their clients?
Using various techniques to support the restructuring process.
What type of diary do clients keep in cognitive therapy?
A thought/mood diary to record thoughts and feelings.
What can cognitive distortions lead to?
Problems in thoughts, feelings, and behavior.
How is the effectiveness of beliefs assessed in cognitive therapy?
By evaluating the evidence for and against their thoughts.
What is the overall goal of helping clients in therapy?
To rely less on dysfunctional beliefs and more on available evidence when making attributions.
What is the target of therapy regarding negativity and positivity?
To come to more objective, balanced views of the self, the world, and the future.
What is the range of weekly sessions necessary for training new thinking strategies?
Between five and twenty weekly sessions.
What does the ABC model stand for in Albert Ellis’s cognitive explanation of depression?
A stands for activating events, B for beliefs, and C for consequences.
What is the focus of therapy according to the ABC model?
On our interpretation of events/situations rather than the events themselves.
What does REBT stand for?
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy.
What year was Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) developed?
1955.
What is a key aspect that REBT focuses on?
The present, not the past.
What are self-defeating thoughts?
Ideas that stop us from reaching our potential.
What do REBT therapists help clients to reduce?
Negative emotions (e.g., guilt, anger) and behaviours (e.g., aggression, overeating).
What are the ‘three musts’ referred to by Ellis?
Basic musts that affect happiness and day-to-day functioning.
What term did Ellis use to describe the control of ‘the three musts’ over thoughts and feelings?
Musturbation.
True or False: The goal of therapy is to completely replace negative thoughts with positive ones.
False.
Fill in the blank: The ABC model helps explain the interactions between how we think, feel, and _____.
act.
