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PSYCH Approaches > Psychodynamic approach > Flashcards

Psychodynamic approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is the psychodynamic approach subjective?

A

Because it uses case study methods which doesn’t use representative samples

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2
Q

What is the psychodynamic approach

A

It is a perspective that describes the different dynamics ,most that are unconscious, that operates on the mind and direct human behaviour and experiences

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3
Q

What is the unconscious

A

The part of the mind that we are unaware of but it directs a lot of our behaviour

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4
Q

What is the role of the unconscious

A

The role of the unconscious is to store repressing memories and parapraxes

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5
Q

What is a parapraxe

A

A slip of the tongue

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6
Q

How can the bad memories be accessed

A

Through nightmares and parapraxes

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7
Q

What is the structure of personality called

A

Tripartite

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8
Q

What is the tripartite composed of

A

Id, ego and superego

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9
Q

What is the Id

A

The primitive structure of our personality that operates on the pleasure principle

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10
Q

What is the Id made up of

A

Selfish aggressive instincts that demand immediate gratification

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11
Q

Is the Id present at birth?

A

Yes and it is the only one of the three parts that is presented ta birth

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12
Q

What is the ego

A

The ‘reality check’ that balances the conflicting demands of the Id and the superego

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13
Q

When does the ego typically develop

A

2

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14
Q

What is the role of the ego

A

To reduce the conflict between the demands of the id and superego

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15
Q

How does the eg employ its role

A

By employing defence mechanisms

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16
Q

What are defence mechanisms

A

The unconscious strategies that the ego uses to manage the conflict between Id and th Superego

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17
Q

What are the 3 types of defence mechanisms

A

Repression,denial and displacement

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18
Q

What is a negative of defence mechanisms

A

They can distort reality and can cause the person o become psychologically unhealthy and undesirable

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19
Q

What do defence mechanisms help people fro being overwhelmed by

A

They help us from being overwhelmed by temporary threats or traumas

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20
Q

What is repression

A

Forcing a distressing memory out of the conscious mind

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21
Q

What is denial

A

Refusing to acknowledge certain aspects of reality

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22
Q

What is displacement

A

Transferring feeling from a true source of distress and putting it onto another target

23
Q

What is the superego

A

It is our internalised sense of right and wrong and can be based on the morality principle

24
Q

What is the link between the morality principle and the superego

A

That in terms of the morality principle, the superego represents the moral standards of the child’s same gender parent and punishes the ego for its wrongdoing through guilt

25
Q

When is he superego usually formed

A

At the end of the phallic stage at around the age of 5

26
Q

What are the psychosexual stages

A

They are the 5 development stages that all children pass through

27
Q

What does each of the psychosexual stages consist of

A

A different conflict, the outcome of this conflict which determines their future development

28
Q

How many psychosexual stages are there

A

5

29
Q

What are the names of the 5 psychosexual stages

A

Oral, anal, phallic,latency and genital

30
Q

What is the age for the oral stage

A

0-1 years old

31
Q

What is the focus of pleasure for the oral stage

A

The mouth (a example is that a mothers breast can be an object of desire)

32
Q

What are the possible consequences of the oral stage conflict

A

Due to the focus point being the mouth, there are more acts of sucking which may lead to future habits of smoking and biting nails and these are known as oral fixation

33
Q

What is the age range for the anal stage

A

1-3 years

34
Q

What is the focus point of the anal stage

A

The pleasure point is the anus and this is mainly due to the pleasure a child gains from withholding and expelling faeces

35
Q

What are the consequences of the unresolved conflict from the anal stage

A

Personalities being either anal retentive or anal expulsive

36
Q

What type of a personality is expressed if anal retentive

A

Being a perfectionist or obsessive

37
Q

What type of personality is expressed if anal expulsive

A

Being thoughtless and messy

38
Q

What age range is the phallic stage

A

3-8

39
Q

What is the area of pleasure for the phallic stage

A

The genital area

40
Q

What is a consequence of unresolved conflicts for the phallic stage

A

Phallic personality which means they are quite narcissistic and reckless

41
Q

What is the age range for the latency stage

A

6-starting of puberty

42
Q

Is there any focus points for the latency stage

A

No

43
Q

What is the latency stage

A

When the earlier conflicts are repressed

44
Q

What is the age for the genital stage

A

Puberty period

45
Q

What is the description for the genital stage

A

That sexual desired become conscious alongside the onset of puberty

46
Q

What is the consequence of the unresolved conflict for the genital stage

A

There may be difficulty forming heterosexual relationships

47
Q

What is the main strength of the psychodynamic approach

A

That there is real world application as it introduced the idea of psychotherapy (psychoanalysis) and this was the first attempt interacting mental disorders psychologically rather than physically

48
Q

How does psychotherapy work and help with the treatments of mental disorders

A

They have many techniques to access the unconscious and bring their repressed emotions into their conscious mind so they can be dealt with. There is also counselling therapy.

49
Q

What is a counterpoint of the real work application strength

A

Psychoanalysis is regarded as inappropriate and can even be harmful for those with serious mental conditions and this can suggest that Freuds therapy and theory may not apply to all disorders

50
Q

What is the seconds strength of the psychodynamic approach

A

There is strong explanatory power and this is due to its ability to explain human behaviour despite it being controversial. It has been used to explain many phenomena’s like moral and personality development and disorders and gender identity.

51
Q

What is the limitation of of the psychodynamic approach

A

It is an untestable concept and is argued to not meet the scientific criteria of falsification. It isn’t open to empirical testing, is very difficult test because a lot of the concepts occur at an unconscious level. They were also based on subjective studies of single individuals so it can’t be universally claimed

52
Q

What is empirical testing

A

It is a study that is based on observation, investigation, or experiment rather than on abstract reasoning, theoretical analysis, or speculation

53
Q

What is the oedipus complex

A

The theory that boys develop sexual feelings towards their mother in the phallic stage. However, the mother is with the father and so the boy has hatred for the father (and the less common one is that girls develop penis envy)

PSYCH Approaches (7 decks)

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