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PSYCH Approaches > Humanistic Approach > Flashcards

Humanistic Approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is the humanistic approach subjective?

A

Because they simply reject all scientific approaches and prefer to focus on individual and subjective experiences

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2
Q

Why are human beings subjective?

A

Because they have demand characteristics therefore the scientific approach to study human thought and experience nay not always be desirable or possible

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3
Q

what is the humanistic approach

A

An approach that understand behaviour that emphasises the importance of subjective experience and each persons capacity for self determination

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4
Q

What are the parts of the humanistic approach

A

Free will, maslows hierarchy of needs, self actualisation and conditions of worth

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5
Q

Define free will

A

The idea that humans can make heir own choices with their own judgment which aren’t determined by internals biological or external force

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6
Q

How is the humanistic approach different from all the other approaches

A

All the other approaches are determinist to a certain extent whereas the humanistic approaches suggest that humans are self determining and have free will

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7
Q

What do human psychologists believe in terms of free will

A

That although people are still affected by external and internal influences, they are still active agents who have the ability to determine their own development

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8
Q

Who are the main human psychologists we need to know about

A

Rogers and Maslow

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9
Q

What do human psychologists reject

A

They reject more scientific models that establish general principles of human behaviour

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10
Q

What do rogers and Maslow believe psychology should be

A

They believe that psychology should concern itself with the study of subjective experience rather than general laws

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11
Q

What is the humanistic approach also referred to as

A

Person-cantered approach

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12
Q

How did Maslow contribute to the humanistic approach

A

He developed the theory of humans ‘hierarchy of needs’

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13
Q

What was Maslows main interest and what did it lead to

A

His main interest was what motivated people and this lead to the hierarchy of needs to be developed

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14
Q

What is the hierarchy of needs

A

It is a sequence which identifies which psychological needs must be satisfied before higher psychological needs can be achieved

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15
Q

What is the aim for the hierarchy of needs

A

To show how a person is only able to progress and develop through the hierarchy f needs and this only happens once the current need in the sequence has been met

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16
Q

What is the sequence in the hierarchy of needs (bottom to top)

A

Biological needs —> safety and security —> love and belongingness —> self esteem —> self actualisation

17
Q

What is self actualisation

A

It is the desire to grow psychologically and fulfils one’s potential by becoming what they are capable of

18
Q

What level is self actualisation on, in the hierarchy of needs

A

It is at the highest level

19
Q

How can selfactualisation be met

A

It can only be met if the 4 levels of needs below it (the deficiency needs) are met and fulfilled

20
Q

What does self actualisation commonly apply to

A

The developments of babies and how they start to be focused on psychological needs and apply it throughout their life

21
Q

What is a negative of the concept of self actualisation

A

Not everyone can reach this level of satisfaction and fulfilment and this can be due to the many psychological barriers that prevent a person from reaching their potential

22
Q

What are the 3 parts of the concept of ‘worth’

A

Self, congruence and conditions

23
Q

How did Rogers contribute to the humanistic approach

A

By studying the self, congruence and conditions of worth

24
Q

What is self

A

The concept of how one sees themself

25
Q

What is congruence

A

When self-concept and ideal self are seen to broadly accord or match

26
Q

What is an ideal self

A

The type of person that they want to be

27
Q

What happens of there is too big of a gap between the 2 selves

A

The person will experience a state of incongruence and self actualisation won’t be possible due to negative feelings of self worth

28
Q

How can the gap between the self concept and ideal self be reduced

A

By client centred therapy aka counselling

29
Q

What does rogers believe many of of our adult issues come from

A

He believes the adult problems that many experience are rooted from peoples childhood

30
Q

How can the fact that the issues are rooted from our childhood be explained

A

It cab be explained by a lack of unconditional positive regard or lack of unconditional love from parents

31
Q

What is the conditions of love

A

When a parent places limits or boundaries on their love for their children

32
Q

what are examples of the conditions of love

A

“I will only love you if….”

33
Q

What is the issue with conditions of love

A

It stores up psychological problem s for the child in the future

34
Q

How does rogers provide help for those with deep rooted psychological problems

A

By providing his clients with the unconditional positive regarded they failed to receive as children alongside genuineness and empathy and this is to increase their self worth and reduce their level of incongruence

35
Q

What is the main strength of the humanistic approach

A

It isn’t reductionist as it rejects attempts to break up the behaviour and experience into smaller concepts.The humanistic approach advocates holism

36
Q

What is the counterpoint of the strength of the humanistic approach not being reductionist

A

Because of the fact that it isn’t reductionist, it takes away the scientific aspect of psychology and the humanistic approach is short of empirical evidence to support its claims because only a few of the concepts are able to be broken down to single variables and measured

37
Q

What is another strength of the humanistic approach

A

That it is a positive and optimistic approach. This allowed humanistic psychologists to be praised for bringing a positive image of psychology and of the human condition. This suggest that humanistic psychology offers a refreshing and optimistic alternative to other approaches

38
Q

What is a limitation of the humanistic approach

A

It could be culturally biased as many of the ideas and concepts in the humanistic approach are more readily associated to countries with more individualistic tendencies. In collective tendency countries that are more associated with groups and interdependence, human psychology may not be as important. This suggests the HA doesn’t apply universally

PSYCH Approaches (7 decks)

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