Psychodynamic

Question 1

Role of unconscious

Answer 1

1. What we are aware of is tip of iceberg
2. Most of mind if made up of biological drives and instincts
3. Also contains repressed memories (expressed through dreams)
4. Preconscious contains memories not aware of but can be accessed if desired

Question 2

Outline the structure of personality

Answer 2

id, ego, superego

Question 3

Outline the id

Answer 3

1. Primitive pleasure seeking mass of unconscious drives
2. Operates on pleasure principle
3. Selfish and demands instant gratification

Question 4

Outline ego

Answer 4

1. Reality principle
2. Mediator between other two
3. Develops around 2 years
4. Role is to reduce conflict using defence mechanisms

Question 5

Superego

Answer 5

1. End of phalic stage (5)
2. Sense of right or wrong
3. Morality principle
4. Represents moral standards of same sex parent
5. Punishes ego through guilt

Question 6

How do psychosexual stages work

Answer 6

1. 5 stages
2. Must resolve to progress
3. Different conflict at each stage
4. If stuck leads to fixation which carries behvauoir to adult life

Question 7

What are the 5 stages and ages

Answer 7

1. Oral: 1-2
2. Anal: 1-3
3. Phallic: 3-5
4. Latency
5. Genital: puberty

Question 8

Oral stage

Answer 8

Smoking, biting nails, sarcastic

Question 9

Anal

Answer 9

Anal retentive: perfectionist, obsessive
Anal explusive: thoughtless, messy

Question 10

Phalic

Answer 10

Genital area
Experiences Oedipus or Electra complex
-
Narcissistic, reckless, homosexual

Question 11

Describe latency and genital stage

Answer 11

Latency: earlier conflict repressed
Genital: sexual desires become conscious- can’t for heterosexual relationships

Question 12

Describe the 3 defence mechanisms

Answer 12

1. Repression: force memory out of conscious mind
2. Denial: refusing an aspect of reality
3. Displacement: transferring feelings onto a suitable target

Question 13

Explanatory power

Answer 13

1. Huge influence on psychology

2. Drawn attention to importance of early childhood (attachment)

Question 14

Case study method

Answer 14

1. Intestine study of individuals in therapy (cannot generalise)
2. Small sample
3. Interpretations highly subjective
4. Lacks any sort of impiricale evidence
5. As unconscious is entirely unflasificable so is pseudoscience

Question 15

Psychoanalysis

Answer 15

1. Analysing dreams and hyponosis to access unconscious

2. Inappropriate for serious conditions as makes worse

Question 16

Psychic determinism

Answer 16

1. No such thing as accidents
2. Even slip of toung is the unconscious so has deep symbolic meaning
3. Behavior Determined by unconscious conflicts rooted in childhood