Comparisons

Question 1

What are main comparison points

Answer 1

1. Views on development
2. Assumptions
3. Nature v nurture
4. Reductionism v holism
5. Determinism v free will
6. Research methods
7. Treatments

Question 2

Different approaches’ views on development

Answer 2

Psychodynamic: psychosexual stages
Cognitive: schemas
Biological: genes and hormones
Humanist: relationship with parents and self development
Behaviourist and SLT: learnt from society

Question 3

Nature v nurture

Answer 3

Biological: entirely nature through genes
Behaviourist: blank slate so learning through associations
Psychodynamic: both biological and relationships with parent
Humanist: nurture
Cognitive: some sechas innate but developed through experience

Question 4

Which approach’s are holistic

Answer 4

Only humanist and psychodynamic (structure of personality)

Question 5

Reductionism

Answer 5

Behaviourist: stimulus-response
Bio: neural level of explanation
Psychodynamic: sexual drives and instincts
Cognitive: accused of machine reductionism (ignoring human emotions)
STL: learning through key processes but also cognitive factors that mediate learning

Question 6

Determinism

Answer 6

1. Behaviour: all external
2. Biological: genetic determinism
3. Psychic: cannot control unconscious processes
4. STL: reciprocal determinism

Question 7

Treatments offered

Answer 7

Behavioural therapies: SD and token economy

Psychoanalysis: anxiety was overuse of defence mechanisms. Not suitable for some disorders as required insight, time and engagement

Cognitive: CBT focuses on faulty processing

Humanist: coinciding to reduce gap of congruence

Bio: psychoactive drugs

Question 8

Eclectic approach

Answer 8

1. Best to take a multidisciplinary stance
2. Such as CBT+ drugs
3. Diathesis stress model also