Psychodynamic

Question 1

What is the Id?

Answer 1

Residing in the unconscious, it demands instant gratification for pleasure and primal urges. It is developed at birth.

(Devil)

Question 2

What is the Ego?

Answer 2

Residing in the conscious, it reduces conflict by taming the Id, with a presence of reality. It is developed at 2 years old.

(Neutral)

Question 3

What is the superego?

Answer 3

Residing in the unconscious, it demands right and wrong with a sense of morality. It is developed at 5 years old.

(Angel)

Question 4

What is denial?

Answer 4

Refusing to accept some aspect of reality.

For example, a heavy smoker saying there is no convincing evidence that smoking impairs health.

Question 5

What is repression?

Answer 5

Forcing an unpleasant memory out of the conscious mind.

For example, forcing frightening memories of an experience into the unconscious.

Question 6

What is displacement?

Answer 6

Transferring feelings from the true source of distress onto a substitute.

For example, being angry at your parents so you snap at your friends in school.

Question 7

What is fixation?

Answer 7

When someone’s desire is tied to an object of desire connected to an earlier phase in one’s psychosexual development.

Question 8

What is the Oral stage?

Answer 8

Developed at 0-1 years, in the mouth pleasure centre, which can result in smoking or biting nails is unresolved.

Question 9

What is the Anal stage?

Answer 9

At 1-3 years, in the anus pleasure centre, resulting in anal retentive (perfectionist), or anal expulsive (messy).

Question 10

What is the phallic stage?

Answer 10

At 3-5 years, in the genital pleasure centre (Oedipus complex), can result in narcissistic, reckless and vanity

Question 11

What is the latency stage?

Answer 11

When earlier conflicts are repressed.

Question 12

What is the genitals stage?

Answer 12

sexual desires become conscious, which can result in struggling to form heterosexual relationships.

Question 13

Positives of psychodynamic case studies?

Answer 13

Rich in detail as it is an in depth research into an individual.
This has high validity.

Question 14

Negatives of psychodynamic case studies?

Answer 14

Researchers could have bias interpretations.
The case study cannot represent a whole population as no two cases are the same. Small samples.

Question 15

Little Hans case study.

Answer 15

By Freud, Hans fantasies of mother and fear of horses (representing father) is result of phallic stage of psychosexual development. As well as experiencing the Oedipus complex.

Question 16

Real world application for psychodynamic

Answer 16

Psychoanalysis treats mental illness by unblocking mental illnesses by bringing childhood traumas from the unconscious. Improves quality of life.

Question 17

Untestable concepts in the psychodynamic.

Answer 17

Cannot scientifically test the ego etc, in the unconscious, gives psychology a ‘pseudoscience’ stance.
Not as credible.

Question 18

Psychic determinism.

Answer 18

All behaviour is controlled by unconscious mind and repressed childhood traumas.
Pessimistic- poor outcomes in later life with no free will to overcome unconscious mind and traumas.
Doesn’t align with therapy.

Question 19

What is gender bias?

Psychodynamic

Answer 19

Bias in research leading the one gender being less favoured than the others. (Freud said girls have penis envy)

Question 20

What is the Oedipus complex.

Answer 20

The desire for sexual involvement with the parent of the opposite sex, and a sense of rivalry with the parent of the same sex. Repress sexual instinct.

Gender bias-States women develop ‘penis envy’ as penis is the sign of all power making females develop an inferiority complex towards men.

Question 21

What is androcentrism?

Answer 21

Seeing the world in a male lens (male dominated view)