Cognitive

Question 1

What is the cognitive approach?

Answer 1

The study of internal mental processes that occur during thinking that are private and internal
It goes beyond the immediate evidence to make assumptions about mental processes that can’t be observed (inferences)

Question 2

What is the real world application for the cognitive approach?

Answer 2

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Depression is caused by irrational mental processes, CBT challenges them and substitutes it with rational ones.
Improving eyewitness testimony. Leading questions, post event discussions and anxiety can lead to inaccurate recall of events. Cognitive interview prevents individuals recalling schemas.

Question 3

What is machine reductionism?
Cognitive

Answer 3

It reduces complex phenomena of human behaviour to computer systems such as input and output storage. Ignores impact of emotions. Too simplistic and unrealistic, interactionist would be better.

Question 4

What are schemas?

Answer 4

A framework of beliefs or expectations that influence cognitive processing. Cognitive shortcuts that are developed from experience.

Question 5

What is soft determinism in Cognitive?

Answer 5

Humans are able to make choice within the limits of thinking and schemas, reasoning etc.

Question 6

Why can schemas be good?

Answer 6

They can be good as they help predict what might happen to prevent us from becoming overwhelmed, and process information

Question 7

Why can schemas be bad?

Answer 7

They can be bad because they can distort our interpretation of sensory information resulting in a biased recall of events.