Psychodynamic

Question 1

In what stage does gender development occur

Answer 1

phallic stage (3-5 yrs) Libido moves to genitals

Question 2

What happens to boys

Answer 2

Oedipus complex- rival their fathers and sexually desire mothers. Fear that father will castrate him. Conflict is resolved by identification with the father. Internalises his father and takes him on during superego formation so develops male gender identity.

Question 3

What happens to girls

Answer 3

Electra complex- penis envy as they feel they have been castrated so they blame their mother. Eventually identifies with mother, develops a superego and female gender identity. Desire fathers, hostile to mothers.

Question 4

Little Hans

Answer 4

Fear of being bitten by horses, freud believed it was due to unconsciously wishing his father to be dead.

Question 5

Support for suggestion that boys need a male parent for normal development

Answer 5

Reekers and Morey rated gender identity in 49 boys, 75% who were classified as gender disturbed had no biological or substitute father.

Question 6

incomplete explanation

Answer 6

Doesn’t explain gender development in non-nuclear families. Susan Golumbok studied single parent children who developed normal gender identity/

Question 7

Androcentric bias

Answer 7

Female gender development is based on a desire to be male, horney found that mens penis envy is due to a desire to nurture.