Psychoanalytic Therapy Flashcards
Most important component of Psychoanalytic Therapy(“PT”)
Making the unconscious - conscious
- examine repressed experiences and emotions (mostly from childhood): how have they affected the client’s thinking, behavior, and relationships in adulthood?
According to Freud, the driving force in all human behavior is …?
libido, which he later broadened to include the energy of all “life instincts”
What are some examples of when Psychoanalytic Therapy may be used?
depression emotional struggles emotional trauma neurotic behavior patterns self-destructive behavior patterns personality disorders ongoing relationship issues
T/F: the therapist-patient relationship is central to the healing process in Psychoanalytic Therapy?
True.
What is “the stage of therapy when the client becomes overwhelmed by the release of painful, repressed feelings and tries to avoid dealing with them?
Resistance
As patients become more comfortable and less resistant to facing their issues and are able to understand their own motives and behaviors, healing can begin
According to Freud, our behavior is determined by _____, _____, and _____ as these evolve through key _____ in the first years of life.
irrational forces
unconscious motivations
biological and instinctual drives
psychosocial stages
According to Freud, the overall goal of life is to …?
gain pleasure & avoid pain
According to Freud, what accounts for the aggressive drive in humans?
death instincts
- may manifest as an unconscious wish to die or hurt themselves or others
What are the 3 components of personality, according to psychoanalytic theory?
Id
Ego
Superego
(but personality functions as a whole, not 3 discrete segments)
In psychoanalytic theory, what is “all the untamed drives or impulses that might be likened to the biological component of personality”?
id
In psychoanalytic theory, what “attempts to organize and mediate between the id and the reality of dangers posed by the id’s impulses”?
ego
In psychoanalytic theory, what is “the internalized social component of personality, largely rooted in what the person imagines to be the expectations of parental figures”?
superego
PT: The dynamics of personality consist of the ways in which _____ is distributed to the id, ego, and superego.
psychic energy
PT: At birth, a person is all ____.
id
PT: The id is ruled by ___.
the pleasure principle
- It never matures; does not think, but only wishes or acts.
- largely unconscious
PT: The ____ has contact with the external world of reality. (id, ego, or superego)
ego
PT: The ___ is the “executive” or “traffic cop” that governs, controls, and regulations personality and “mediates between instincts and surrounding environment”
ego
PT: The ego is ruled by the ____.
reality principle
PT: The ____ is intelligent and rationale.
ego
PT: The ____ is the judicial branch of personality.
superego
PT: The ____ includes person’s moral code.
superego
- ideal rather than the real
PT: The ____ strives for perfection.
superego
PT: The ____ is the internalization of standards of parents and society
superego
- related to psychological rewards and punishment
According to PT, how does anxiety arise?
from a conflict among the id, ego, and superego over control of the available psychic energy
According to PT, what is the function of anxiety?
to warn of impending danger
PT: _____ is the fear of danger from the external world, and the level of such anxiety is proportionate to the degree of real threat?
Reality anxiety
PT: Neurotic and moral anxieties are evoked by …?
threats to “balance of power” within person
PT: _____ is the fear that the instincts will get out of hand and cause one to do something for which one will be punished
Neurotic anxiety
PT: _____ is the fear of one’s own conscience.
Moral anxiety
PT: _____ help the individual cope with anxiety and prevent the ego from being overwhelmed
ego-defense mechanisms
PT: Are ego-defense mechanisms considered normal or pathological?
normal - they have adaptive value granted they do not become a style of life
PT: Ego-defense mechanisms have what two qualities in common?
- They either deny or distort reality.
2. They operate on an unconscious level.
PT: Name the ego-defense mechanism:
“actively expressing the opposite impulse when confronted with a threatening impulse”
Reaction formation
PT: Name the ego-defense mechanism:
“attributing to others one’s own unacceptable desires and impulses”
Projection
PT: Name the ego-defense mechanism:
“directing energy toward another object or person when the original object or person is inaccessible”
displacement
PT: Name the ego-defense mechanism:
“diverting sexual or aggressive energy into other channels”
Sublimation
PT: Name the ego-defense mechanism:
“taking in and swallowing the values and standards of others
Introjection
PT: Name the ego-defense mechanism:
“identifying with successful causes, organizations, or people in the hope that you will be perceived as worthwhile”
Identification
Freud’s psychosexual stages - Name the stage:
“deals with the inability to trust oneself and others, resulting in fear of loving and forming close relationships and low self-esteem”
Oral stage
1st year of life
Freud’s psychosexual stages - Name the stage:
“deals with the inability to recognize and express anger, leading to the denial of one’s own power as a person and the lack of a sense of autonomy”
Anal stage
1-3
Freud’s psychosexual stages - Name the stage:
“deals with the inability to fully accept one’s sexuality and sexual feelings, and also to difficulty in accepting oneself as a man or woman”
Phallic stage
3-6
PT: Classical psychoanalysis is grounded on ___ psychology, but Contemporary psychoanalysis tends to be based on ___ psychology.
id, ego
- Classical: instincts and intrapsychic conflicts
- Contemporary: mastery and competence throughout life
Freud’s psychosexual stages - Name the stage:
“relatively quiescent; sexual interests are replaced by interests in school, playmates, sports; socialization, forming relationships”
Latency
6-12
Freud’s psychosexual stages - Name the stage:
“deal with sexual energy by investing it in various socially acceptable activities such as forming friendships, arts, sports, career preparation”
Genital
12-18
Erikson’s psychosocial stages - Name the stage:
“if significant others provide for basic physical and emotional needs, infant develops sense of trust”
infancy
trust v. mistrust
Erikson’s psychosocial stages - Name the stage:
“time for developing autonomy; basic struggle is between self-reliance and self-doubt”
“need to explore and experiment, make mistakes, test limits”
Early childhood
autonomy v. shame and doubt
Erikson’s psychosocial stages - Name the stage:
“basic task is to achieve a sense of competence and initiative; if children are not allowed to make their own decisions, they tend to develop guilt over taking initiative”
preschool age
initiative v. guilt
Erikson’s psychosocial stages - Name the stage:
“basic task is to achieve a sense of industry which refers to setting and attaining personal goals; failure to do so results in a sense of inadequacy”
school age
industry v. inferiority
Erikson’s psychosocial stages - Name the stage:
“time of transition between childhood and adulthood; major conflicts center on clarification of self-identity, life goals, and life’s meaning”
adolescence
identity v. role confusion
Erikson’s psychosocial stages - Name the stage:
“development task is to form intimate relationships”
young adulthood
intimacy v. isolation
Erikson’s psychosocial stages - Name the stage:
“need to go beyond self and family and be involved in helping the next generation: adjusting to discrepancy between one’s dream and one’s actual accomplishments; failure to achieve a sense of productivity often leads to psychological stagnation”
middle age
generativity v. stagnation
Erikson’s psychosocial stages - Name the stage:
“failure to achieve ego integrity can lead to feelings of despair, hopelessness, guilt, resentment, and self-rejection.”
later life
integrity v. despair
What is the ultimate goal of psychoanalytic treatment?
increase adaptive functioning, including reduction of symptoms and resolution of conflicts
2 subgoals:
- make unconscious conscious
strengthen the ego so behavior is based more on reality and less on instincts or irrational guilt
PT: In classical psychoanalysis, analysts typically assume an anonymous state, called ______.
“blank-screen approach”
PT: _____ is known as the “fundamental rule”
free association
Is psychoanalytic therapy short or long-term?
long-term & intensive
What is the central technique to Psychoanalytic therapy?
free association
PT: What are the two levels of content of dreams?
latent content and manifest content
PT: ____ is the process by which the latent content of a dream is transformed into the less threatening manifest content.
dream work
PT: In dream analysis, the therapist’s task is to…
uncover disguised meanings by studying the symbols in the manifest content of the dream
PT: _____ emphasizes how we use interpersonal relationships to develop our own sense of self.
Self-psychology
grew out of work of Heinz Kohut
PT: The _____ model is based on the assumption that therapy is an interactive process between client and therapist.
relational
PT: _____ uses the principles of psychodynamic theory and therapy to treat selective disorders within a preestablished time limit of, generally, 10-25 sessions
brief psychodynamic therapy (BPT)
