Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

Question 1

What was the first of the Cognitive Behavior Therapies?

Answer 1

REBT

Question 2

Goal is,..?

Answer 2

teaching clients that while they cannot control everything, they can control how they react and deal with their environment

Question 3

What CB therapy says that clients contribute to their problems by their own rigid beliefs?

Answer 3

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

Question 4

Goal is to identify ____________ held by the client that guide our life

Answer 4

general underlying irrational beliefs (musts, shoulds)

Question 5

Of what therapy is this the general hypothesis:

“our emotions stem mainly from our beliefs, which influence the evaluations and interpretations we make of the reactions we have to life situations” ?

Answer 5

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

Question 6

Who started REBT?

Answer 6

Albert Ellis

Question 7

Who started Cognitive Therapy?

Answer 7

Aaron Beck

Question 8

Who started Cognitive Behavior Modification?

Answer 8

Meichenbaum

Question 9

T/F: All cognitive behavior therapies are present-centered and time-limited.

Answer 9

True.

Question 10

T/F: All cognitive behavior therapists takes an indirective stance.

Answer 10

False. They take an active and directive stance.

Question 11

All cognitive behavior therapies employ an ______ treatment, focusing on ______ & ______ target problems.

Answer 11

educational;

specific & structured

Question 12

The basis hypothesis of REBT is that our emotions stem mainly from _______

Answer 12

our beliefs, which influence the evaluations and interpretations we make of the reactions we have to life situations

Question 13

The focus of REBT is working with _____ & _____, rather than primarily expressing _____.

Answer 13

thinking & acting

feelings

Question 14

_____ & _____ reinforce our self-defeating beliefs

Answer 14

autosuggestion & self-repetition

Question 15

Ellis insists that _____ is at the core of most emotional disturbances.

Answer 15

blame

Question 16

What are the components of the ABC Model?

Answer 16

activating event (A) –> beliefs (B) –> consequences (C) –> disputing (D) inaccurate beliefs –> new event (E)

Question 17

What are the steps to philosophical restructuring of REBT?

Answer 17

1. acknowledging that we are responsible for creating our emotional problems.
2. accept that we have the ability to change these disturbances significantly
3. recognizing that our emotional problems stem from irrational beliefs
4. clearly perceiving these beliefs
5. seeing the value in disputing self-defeating beliefs.
6. accepting that if we expect to change we had better work hard in emotive and behavioral ways to counteract our beliefs and dysfunctional feelings and actions that follow.
7. understanding rational alternatives
8. practicing REBT methods of uprooting or changing disturbed consequences and practicing their healthy alternatives for the rest of our lives

Question 18

T/F: In REBT, a warm relationship between therapist and client is required.

Answer 18

False. Too much warmth and understanding can be counterproductive and foster a sense of dependence.

Question 19

Using the technique of _____, clients are asked to vividly imagine one of the worst things that might happen to them and trained how to develop healthy emotions in place of disruptive ones.

Answer 19

Rational emotive imagery (REI)

Question 20

Using ______, clients stubbornly refuse to feel ashamed by telling themselves that it is not catastrophic if someone thinks we are foolish.

Answer 20

shame-attacking exercises

Question 21

T/F: REBT is not suitable for brief therapy.

Answer 21

False. In fact, Ellis originally developed REBT to try to make psychotherapy shorter and more efficient.

Question 22

T/F: REBT is applicable to a wide range of settings and populations, including elementary and secondary schools, couples counseling and family therapy, group therapy.

Answer 22

True.

Question 23

______ are personalized notions that are triggered by particular stimuli that lead to emotional responses

Answer 23

automatic thoughts

Question 24

T/F: According to CT, individuals tend to maintain their core beliefs about themselves, their world, and their future.

Answer 24

True.

Question 25

_____ refers to making conclusions without supporting and relevant evidence (includes “catastrophizing”).

Answer 25

Arbitrary inferences

Question 26

______ consists of forming conclusions based on an isolated detail of an event.

Answer 26

selective abstraction

Question 27

________ is a tendency for individuals to relate external events to themselves, even when there is no basis for making this connection.

Answer 27

Personalization

Question 28

______ involves categorizing experiences in either-or extremes.

Answer 28

dichotomous thinking

Question 29

REBT, CT, or both?

Highly directive, persuasive, and confrontational

Answer 29

REBT

Question 30

REBT, CT, or both?

therapist as teacher; models rational thinking

Answer 30

REBT

Question 31

REBT, CT, or both?

Uses Socratic dialogue with aim of getting clients to reflect on personal issues and arrive at their own conclusions

Answer 31

CT

Question 32

In ____ Therapy, the counselor engages in “collaborative empiricism”

Answer 32

Cognitive Therapy

Question 33

_____ is a reflective questioning process, where the counselor attempts to collaborate with clients in testing the validity of their cognitions.

Answer 33

collaborative empiricism

Question 34

Ellis (REBT) persuades clients that their beliefs are ______, while Beck (CT) views his clients’ beliefs as being ______.

Answer 34

irrational

inaccurate

Question 35

Which places higher value on the therapeutic relationship? REBT or CT?

Answer 35

CT

Question 36

Who started CBM?

Answer 36

Meichenbaum

Question 37

______ is when individuals are given opportunities to deal with relatively mild stress stimuli in successful ways, so that they gradually develop a tolerance for stronger stimuli.

Answer 37

Stress inoculation training

Question 38

What are the 3 phases for stress inoculation training?

Answer 38

1. conceptual-educational
   - create therapeutic alliance and gain understanding of problem
2. skills acquisition and consolidation
   - coping skills
3. application and follow-through
   - maintenance of change

Question 39

____ focuses on the stories people tell about themselves and others regarding significant events in their lives.

Answer 39

constructivist narrative perspective (CNP)

- an approach to CBT

Question 40

What does each letter stand for in Ellis’ ABC Model?

Answer 40

A - negative event
B - belief (irrational v. rational)
C - negative emotion (unhealthy v. healthy)