Psychiatry Flashcards
How does amitriptyline affect the heart?
QRS prolongation, QT prolongation, arrhythmias
What is a common first symptom of alcohol withdrawal?
Temulousness. Others are distress, agitation, anxiety, autonomic disturbance
What deals with involuntary responses?
Classical conditioning
What deals with voluntary responses?
Operant conditioning
What is identification (ego defense)?
Modeling behavior after another person who is more powerful (abused child after abuser)
What is repression?
Involuntary (vs suppression which is voluntary) withholding of idea or feeling
How long for Tourette’s?
> 1 year
What is the treatment for ADHD?
Methylphenidate, amphetamines, atomoxetine, clonidine
What is Rett disorder?
X-linked only in girls (males die in utero). Hand-wringing, retardation, ataxia
What is dissociative fugue?
Abrupt travel or wandering during period of dissociative amnesia.
How long for delusional disorder?
> 1 mo
Depersonalization vs dereleaziation?
Depersonalization: detachment from one’s body, thoughts, perceptions, actions
Derealization:
detachment from one’s neviornment
How long for manic episode?
Atleast 1 week
What is bipolar I?
Mania
What is bipolar II?
Hypomania and depression
How long for major depressive disorder?
Episodes 6-12 months with symptoms lasting >2 weeks
How do you tell bulimia and anorexia apart?
Anorexia their BMI is low but bulimia they are normal weight
How long for postpartum psychosis?
Days to 4-6 weeks
How long for pathologic grief?
6-12 mos; excessively intense can be > 6-12 mos
How long for GAD?
6 months at least
How long for PTSD?
> 1 month
How long for acute stress disorder?
3 days - 1 month
Diagnosis: mood reactivity, hypersomnia and weight gain, leaden paralysis, rejection sensitivty
Atypical depression
What do lithium levels increase with?
ACE-I, NSAIDs, thiazides
What is russell sign?
Dorsal hand calluses from induced vomiting (Russell sign)
What is a sensitive indicator of alcohol use?
GGT
Diagnosis: pupillary dilation, hallucinations, paranoid ideations, sudden cardiac death?
Cocaine intoxication
What is venlafaxine used for?
Panic disorder and anxiety
What is varenicline?
Used for nicotine withdrawal. It is a nicotine AchR partial agonist. Reduces withdrawal cravings and reward of nicotine.
What drug intoxication of withdrawal: perceptual distortion, depersonalization, flashbacks, psychosis, paranoida?
LSD
What do use to treat OCD?
SSRI or clomipramine
What are the high potency antipsychotics?
Fluphenazine, Trifluoperazinem, Haloperidol
What are the low potency antipsychotics?
Thioridazine, Chlorpromazine
What do you treat EPS side effects of antipsychotics with?
Benztropine or diphenhydramine
Corneal deposits with what med?
Chlopromazine
Retinal deposits with what med?
Thioridazine
How does lithium work?
Possibly through inhibition of PIP3 cascade
How long does buspirone take to effect?
1-2 weeks
MC toxicity for SNRI?
Inc BP
Major toxicity with TCA?
Convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias since they inhibit Na channels)
Which TCA is less sedating but has higher seziures threshold?
Despiramine
How does Mirtazapine work?
a2 autoreceptor antagonist and POTENT serotonin receptor antagonist
How does Trazodone work?
Serotonin and alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist
Why is methadone good for opioid addiction?
It has a long half life
What is benztropine?
Antimuscarinic used for parkinson’s.
What are the two drugs that inhibit peripheral dopamine degradation?
Carbidopa: LAAD inhibitor
Entacapone: COMT inhibitor
Why do people get tardive dyskinesia on antipsychotics?
Long term use causes hypersensitivity or upregulation of dopamine receptors and concomitant decrease in cholinergic tone in the striatum
What would confusion, sleepiness and dementia in an acute setting for an old person be?
Delirium (from meds, infections etc)
What age for conduct disorder?
How long for adjustment disorder?
